2005
DOI: 10.2307/3593095
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Disruptive Body Patterning of Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) Requires Visual Information Regarding Edges and Contrast of Objects in Natural Substrate Backgrounds

Abstract: Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalisLinnaeusCephalopods have a remarkable ability to change the color and pattern of their skin, and research has demonstrated that visual input regulates these changes. Cuttlefish skin can show 20 -50 chromatophore patterns that are used for both camouflage and communication (1). Cuttlefish can change their body patterns within a fraction of a second because chromatophore organs are innervated directly from the brain (2, 3). Because of its speed and diversity, body patterning in cuttl… Show more

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Cited by 69 publications
(62 citation statements)
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“…In experimental aquaria, most cuttlefish patterns can indeed by classified by a combination of mottle and disruptive elements, which is comparable to the two degrees of freedom seen in the plaice (Figure 1). The 'disruptive' pattern-components, defined by expert human observers, include about ten comparatively large well-defined light and dark features, including a white square on the centre of the animal and a dark head bar (Fig 1B; Hanlon and Messenger 1988;Chiao et al 2005). The mottle pattern comprises less crisply defined features, and is comparable to the blotches used by flatfish (Hanlon and Messenger 1988).…”
Section: Cuttlefishmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…In experimental aquaria, most cuttlefish patterns can indeed by classified by a combination of mottle and disruptive elements, which is comparable to the two degrees of freedom seen in the plaice (Figure 1). The 'disruptive' pattern-components, defined by expert human observers, include about ten comparatively large well-defined light and dark features, including a white square on the centre of the animal and a dark head bar (Fig 1B; Hanlon and Messenger 1988;Chiao et al 2005). The mottle pattern comprises less crisply defined features, and is comparable to the blotches used by flatfish (Hanlon and Messenger 1988).…”
Section: Cuttlefishmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Disruptive coloration (see definition by Stevens & Merilaita 2009a,b) has not been proved experimentally in cephalopods but we posit that it occurs and we provide some evidence herein. The common European cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, has a repertoire of 'disruptive patterns' expressed with combinations of 11 skin components (five light and six dark; details in Hanlon & Messenger 1988; see also Holmes 1940;Chiao et al 2005Chiao et al , 2007Kelman et al 2007;Mäthger et al 2007). Cott (1940) provided some basic features and capabilities of presumed disruptive patterns, yet the specific components of disruptive patterns remain to be described and defined for different taxa.…”
Section: Disruptive Camouflage In Cephalo-pods: Disruptive Pattern Dementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Forsythe & Hanlon 1988;Hanlon & Messenger 1988, 1996Mather & Mather 1994;Hanlon et al 1999Hanlon et al , 2007 and very recently a significant literature on laboratory experimentation with cuttlefish has begun to sort out the visual stimuli that evoke different camouflage patterns (Marshall & Messenger 1996;Chiao & Hanlon 2001a,b;Barbosa et al 2004Barbosa et al , 2007Barbosa et al , 2008aChiao et al 2005Chiao et al , 2007Mäthger et al 2006Mäthger et al , 2007Shohet et al 2006Shohet et al , 2007Kelman et al 2007Kelman et al , 2008.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cuttlefish camouflage is robust; these animals will camouflage on any substrate, natural or artificial (e.g. Chiao et al 2005;Allen et al 2009;Zylinski et al 2009), regardless of the presence of a predator in the tank (J. J. Allen, L. M. Mäthger, K. C. Buresch, R. T. Hanlon et al 2009, unpublished data).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%