Disruption of &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;PCDH10&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;TNRC18&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Genes due to a Balanced Translocation

Introduction: The accurate detection of breakpoint regions of disease-associated chromosomal rearrangements helps understand the molecular mechanisms and identify the risks involved with disrupted genes. Methods: In this study, a girl with growth retardation is characterized using positional cloning and genome sequencing. The techniques include fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with paint (WCP) and bacterial-artificial chromosomes (BAC) probes, PCR, real-time PCR, and short and long-read sequencing. Results: The translocation was identified by GTG banding and confirmed by WCP FISH. Microarray ruled out the involvement of other copy number variations except for 6 homozygous regions which are not disease-causing variants. Fine mapping with FISH showed split signals with BAC clone RP11-312A3. Genome sequencing of short-read with an average 30× depth and long-read sequencing technology with a 3.8× coverage identified both breakpoints, confirmed by Sanger sequencing, that showed microhomology. The breakpoint at 1p and 12p regions disrupted EYA3 and EFCAB4B genes. Expression analysis of EYA3 showed a 7-fold increase, suggesting the formation of a fusion gene with EFCAB4B. EYA3 is involved in skeleton development, and EFCAB4B plays a role in calcium metabolism, which may be relevant for the patient’s phenotype. Conclusion: The systematic application of genome techniques to translocations and their advantages is discussed.

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Disruption of <b><i>PCDH10</i></b> and <b><i>TNRC18</i></b> Genes due to a Balanced Translocation

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References 29 publications

Overview of currently available approaches used in cytogenomics

Overview of currently available approaches used in cytogenomics

Molecular karyotyping

Cytogenomic Characterization of a Novel de novo Balanced Reciprocal Translocation t(1;12) by Genome Sequencing Leading to Fusion Gene Formation of <b><i>EYA3/EFCAB4b</i></b>

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