Disruption of Long-Term Effusive-Explosive Activity at Santiaguito, Guatemala

Lamb, Oliver D.; Lamur, Anthony; Díaz‐Moreno, Alejandro; Angelis, Silvio De; Hornby, Adrian; Aulock, Felix W. von; Kendrick, Jackie E.; Wallace, Paul A. W.; Gottschämmer, Ellen; Rietbrock, Andreas; Álvarez, Isaac; Chigna, Gustavo; Lavallée, Yan

doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00253

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The dome has a near-circular shape with a diameter of ~200 m and occupies an area of approximately 35,000 m 2 . It is situated within a larger explosion crater created in 2016 37 and overtops this crater to the southeast, where a ~35 m wide lava flow is advancing down the flank (Figs. 1b, 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7c). Such transitional changes are a common trend at Santiaguito since long periods of low and mostly effusive activity are intermitted by periods of heightened explosive activity 37,39,48 . An extrusion rate could not be calculated for the ground-based imaging as no detailed topography data are available to characterize the flow channels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…7c), which is in agreement with observations from other campaigns in that period 40,48 . While no flow velocity data is available after 2012, other studies report low activity, aside from a major dome collapse in 2014 37 . The low activity lasted until early 2016, which was characterized by both strong explosions and increased lava extrusion 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While no flow velocity data is available after 2012, other studies report low activity, aside from a major dome collapse in 2014 37 . The low activity lasted until early 2016, which was characterized by both strong explosions and increased lava extrusion 37 . This high activity ceased in late 2016 and by 2019 activity had reduced to similar flow velocities as before 2012 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UAS-based tracking of the Santiaguito Lava Dome, Guatemala

Zorn

Walter

Johnson

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Imaging growing lava domes has remained a great challenge in volcanology due to their inaccessibility and the severe hazard of collapse or explosion. changes in surface movement, temperature, or lava viscosity are considered crucial data for hazard assessments at active lava domes and thus valuable study targets. Here, we present results from a series of repeated survey flights with both optical and thermal cameras at the caliente lava dome, part of the Santiaguito complex at Santa Maria volcano, Guatemala, using an Unoccupied Aircraft System (UAS) to create topography data and orthophotos of the lava dome. This enabled us to track pixel-offsets and delineate the 2D displacement field, strain components, extrusion rate, and apparent lava viscosity. We find that the lava dome displays motions on two separate timescales, (i) slow radial expansion and growth of the dome and (ii) a narrow and fastmoving lava extrusion. Both processes also produced distinctive fracture sets detectable with surface motion, and high strain zones associated with thermal anomalies. our results highlight that motion patterns at lava domes control the structural and thermal architecture, and different timescales should be considered to better characterize surface motions during dome growth to improve the assessment of volcanic hazards.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UAS-based tracking of the Santiaguito Lava Dome, Guatemala

Zorn

Walter

Johnson

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…We take advantage of advanced signal processing techniques, in combination with apriori knowledge of recorded explosions, to implement a robust infrasound detector based on adaptive multi-band processing. The datasets selected for this study are obtained from two previous monitoring campaigns at Santiaguito Lamb et al (2019) provides a seismic and infrasound analysis of three eruptive phases in a multiparametric monitoring framework, associating infrasound and seismic signals. Hence, the sheer volume of recorded explosions at both volcanoes makes an ideal ground for testing the VINEDA algorithm, as the geological properties are already known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VINEDA—Volcanic INfrasound Explosions Detector Algorithm

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Infrasound is an increasingly popular tool for volcano monitoring, providing insights of the unrest by detecting and characterizing acoustic waves produced by volcanic processes, such as explosions, degassing, rockfalls, and lahars. Efficient event detection from large infrasound databases gathered in volcanic settings relies on the availability of robust and automated workflows. While numerous triggering algorithms for event detection have been proposed in the past, they mostly focus on applications to seismological data. Analyses of acoustic infrasound for signal detection is often performed manually or by application of the traditional short-term average/long-term average (STA/LTA) algorithms, which have shown limitations when applied in volcanic environments, or more generally to signals with poor signal-to-noise ratios. Here, we present a new algorithm specifically designed for automated detection of volcanic explosions from acoustic infrasound data streams. The algorithm is based on the characterization of the shape of the explosion signals, their duration, and frequency content. The algorithm combines noise reduction techniques with automatic feature extraction in order to allow confident detection of signals affected by non-stationary noise. We have benchmarked the performances of the new detector by comparison with both the STA/LTA algorithm and human analysts, with encouraging results. In this manuscript, we present our algorithm and make its software implementation available to other potential users. This algorithm has potential to either be implemented in near real-time monitoring workflows or to catalog pre-existing databases.

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Open-vent volcanoes: a preface to the special issue

Vergniolle

Métrich

2021

Bull Volcanol

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Disruption of Long-Term Effusive-Explosive Activity at Santiaguito, Guatemala

Cited by 22 publications

References 67 publications

UAS-based tracking of the Santiaguito Lava Dome, Guatemala

UAS-based tracking of the Santiaguito Lava Dome, Guatemala

VINEDA—Volcanic INfrasound Explosions Detector Algorithm

Open-vent volcanoes: a preface to the special issue

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