Disrupted brain structural connectivity in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder with psychosis

Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been linked to disrupted structural and functional connectivity

Genetic risk for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia predicts structure and function of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex

“…33 Indeed, the vmPFC has been found to be functionally impaired 11,12,33 and lose its network hub property in patients with bipolar disorder. 34 We found that the functional hub strength of the vmPFC in the DMN (DMN hubiness) was significantly lower in patients than in controls. This finding suggests that the vmPFC has a provincial hub role in the DMN in controls but not in pa tients with bipolar disorder and aligns with a recent diffusion tensor imaging study reporting that the vmPFC loses its structural hub property in patients with bipolar disorder.…”

“…Brain connectomics have revealed altered connectivity pat terns in bipolar disorder, 33 and connectomicsbased methods have revealed altered ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) hub properties in bipolar disorder. 34 We used brain connec tomics and restingstate fMRI in posthoc secondary analyses to test the functional relevance of our main findings by calcu lating an individual's vmPFC functional hub strength, which we then related to polygenic risk scores.…”

“…We focused this secondary analysis on the withinmodule degree zscore for the vmPFC, based on our primary observa tion of an association between polygenic risk score and corti cal thickness in the vmPFC, as well as on a previous finding that bipolar disorder is associated with a missing hub in the vmPFC. 34 This zscore reflects the vmPFC functional hub strength within the default mode network (DMN), referred to hereafter as "DMN hubiness. "…”

“…This finding suggests that the vmPFC has a provincial hub role in the DMN in controls but not in pa tients with bipolar disorder and aligns with a recent diffusion tensor imaging study reporting that the vmPFC loses its structural hub property in patients with bipolar disorder. 34 We further tested whether the decrease in functional DMN hub strength was correlated with individual polygenic risk scores and found that a higher polygenic risk score for bipo lar disorder was associated with lower right vmPFC DMN hubiness. Intriguingly, vmPFC hubiness was also correlated contralaterally with vmPFC thickness in patients with bipolar disorder, supporting the functional relevance of cortical thickness measures.…”

Reduced Modular Segregation of White Matter Brain Networks in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

“…Previous studies have proven that modularity is an important feature of the brain network (Bouyssi-Kobar et al, 2019;Lin et al, 2021), the human brain presents a modular structure (Chaddock-Heyman et al, 2020), and brain network modularity is related to cognitive function. Brain damage that impairs function can cause changes in modules, especially for the study of the brain network of neurodevelopmental disorder diseases such as bipolar disorder (Fernandes et al, 2019), childhood onset schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (de Haan et al, 2012), and autism (Shi et al, 2013). Therefore, module-based research is of great significance for the study of mental diseases.…”