Disproving the hypothesis of a common ancestry for the Ochromonas danica chrysoplast and Heliobacterium chlorum

Witt, Dagmar; Stackebrandt, Erko

doi:10.1007/bf00407787

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The method of Li et al considers the relative likelihoods of alternative pathways for codon change, and should, in theory, tend to estimate lower numbers of nonsynonymous substitutions at the expense of higher estimates for numbers of synonymous substitutions. Thus one would expect values of Ka to be somewhat lower than those for d g. Indeed, as shown in Figure 2 for the rbcL data, K~ was in general about 10% lower than d N. The true divergence between the sequences is not known, so one cannot tell whether (1) K~ is underestimating, (2) d N overestimating divergence, (3) both methods are giving underestimates, or (4) both are giving overestimates. At any rate, K~ was generally lower than d N, and considerably lower than d N (30-40%) in some specific comparisons involving the Astasia rbcL sequence.…”

Section: Two Distance Measures and Two Matrix Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Cyanobacteria and rhodoplasts share phycobilins as a unique common trait; prochlorophytes and chloroplasts share chlorophylls a and b as a unique common trait. Purple bacteria on the other hand (1) do not evolve oxygen in photosynthesis, (2) do not possess phycobilins, and (3) do not possess chlorophylls a and b. It is thus somewhat surprising that the rbcL sequences of both an a-purple and a 13-purple bacterium reveal such close affinity to the rbcL genes of rhodo-and chromophyte plastids, whereas the cyanobacterial and prochlorophyte rbcL genes appear quite closely related to their counterparts of green plastids and ~/-purple bacteria (Fig.…”

Section: Origins Of Plant Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based upon 16S rRNA sequences, cyanobacteria appear distinct from the purple bacteria (Woese 1987;Stackebrandt et al 1988) and are depicted to have diverged from these prior to the separation of the aand g-purple lineages from the [3-and ~/-purple lineages (Woese 1987;Zavarzin et al 1991), though one may keep in mind that the distinctions between or-, [3-, g-, and ~/-purple bacteria rest heavily upon a single gene (16S) phylogeny; 16S rRNA sequence phylogenies depict either (1) somewhat closer affinities between rhodoplasts and cyanobacteria than between the latter and chloroplasts or (2) common branching of two main plastid lineages derived of cyanobacteria, one leading to chromophytes, eugle-397 noids and red algae, the other leading to chlorophytes (cf. Fox et al 1980;Witt and Stackebrandt 1988;Wolters et al 1989;Markowicz and Loiseauxde Go6r 1991;Douglas and Turner 1991). The 16S sequence of Alcaligenes ([3-purple) clusters with aand ~/-purple bacteria to the exclusion of both red and green plastids (Markowicz and Loiseaux-de Go~r 1991).…”

Section: Origins Of Plastidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogenies of plastid origins and algal evolution

1992

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An overview of recent molecular analyses regarding origins of plastids in algal lineages is presented. Since different phylogenetic analyses can yield contradictory views of algal plastid origins, we have examined the effect of two distance measurement methods and two distance matrix tree-building methods upon topologies for the ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit nucleotide sequence data set. These results are contrasted to those from bootstrap parsimony analysis of nucleotide sequence data subsets. It is shown that the phylogenetic information contained within nucleotide sequences for the chloroplastencoded gene for the large subunit of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, integral to photosynthesis, indicates an independent origin for this plastid gene in different plant taxa. This finding is contrasted to contrary results derived from 16S rRNA sequences. Possible explanations for discrepancies observed for these two different molecules are put forth. Other molecular sequence data which address questions of early plant evolution and the eubacterial origins of algal organelles are discussed.

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Section: Two Distance Measures and Two Matrix Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Origins Of Plant Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origins Of Plastidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogenies of plastid origins and algal evolution

1992

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“…Molecular phylogenetic analyses (Witt and Stackebrandt, 1988;Palenik and Haselkorn, 1992;Urbach et al, 1992) investigating the relationship of prochlorophytes and Heliobacterium chlorum, the proposed ancestors of chlorophyte and chromophyte chloroplasts, respectively (Whatley and Whatley, 1981;Margulis and Obar, 1985), to cyanobacteria and chloroplasts have failed to demonstrate the relationships expected for a polyphyletic origin of plastids. In addition, these studies indicate that the prochlorophytes themselves do not form a lineage distinct from the cyanobacteria.…”

Section: A Monophyletic Origin Of Plastidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Resolution Gene Map of the Chloroplast Genome of the Red Alga Porphyra purpurea.

1993

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Extensive DNA sequencing of the chloroplast genome of the red alga Porphyra purpurea has resulted in the detection of more than 125 genes. Fifty-eight (approximately 46%) of these genes are not found on the chloroplast genomes of land plants. These include genes encoding 17 photosynthetic proteins, three tRNAs, and nine ribosomal proteins. In addition, nine genes encoding proteins related to biosynthetic functions, six genes encoding proteins involved in gene expression, and at least five genes encoding miscellaneous proteins are among those not known to be located on land plant chloroplast genomes. The increased coding capacity of the P. purpurea chloroplast genome, along with other characteristics such as the absence of introns and the consenration of ancestral operons, demonstrate the primitive nature of the f . purpurea chloroplast genome. In addition, evidence for a monophyletic origin of chloroplasts is suggested by the identification of two groups of genes that are clustered in chloroplast genomes but not in cyanobacteria. INTRODUCTIONThe complete DNA sequences of three photosynthetic land plant chloroplast genomes have revealed an enormous amount of functional and evolutionary information. The chloroplast genomes of tobacco (Shinozaki et al., 1986), rice (Hiratsuka et al., 1989), and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (Ohyama et al., 1986) have each been shown to contain 110 to 118 genes. The products of these genes are primarily involved in two processes: gene expresssion (59 to 60 genes) and photosynthesis (29 genes). In addition, 11 genes encoding subunits of NADPH dehydrogenase (Arizmendi et al., 1992) as well as a number of conserved open reading frames (ORFs) are contained on these genomes. The gene content of all land plant chloroplast genomes investigated is surprisingly conserved (for review, see Palmer, 1991).Alga1 chloroplast genomes, on the other hand, have not been so extensively characterized. Current information on the chloroplast genomes of chlorophyll a/b-containing algae suggest that their gene content is not too different from that of land plants, although a few genes that are absent from land plant chloroplast genomes (e.g., tufA in several species [Baldauf et al., 19901, rpl5 [Christopher and Hallick, 19891, and ccsA [Orsat et al., 19921 in Euglena gracilis) have been identified. Of greater significance, however, may be the observation of substantial genome rearrangements in green alga1 chloroplast genomes in the form of the splitting up of ancestral operons in several species of Chlamydomonas (e.g., Woessner et al., 1987) and the large number of introns, including introns within introns, To whom correspondence should be addressed. in E. gracilis (Christopher and Hallick, 1989; Copertino and Hallick, 1991). These observations are indicative of chloroplast genomes that are evolving under more relaxed constraints than land plant chloroplast genomes. lnformation about the gene content of chloroplast genomes from chromophyte (chlorophyll a/c-containing) and rhodophyte/glaucophyte (c...

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“…RNA sequencing using reverse transcriptase and oligonucleotide primers complementary to conserved 16S rRNA regions was carried out as described by Lane et al [10] with the modification indicated by Witt and Stackebrandt [11]. The DNA sequence determination was performed using the chain termination technique [12j3].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionigenium modestum: a separate line of descent within the eubacteria

Both

Kaim

Wolters

et al. 1991

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Summary The complete nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA from Propionigenium modestum was determined and compared with 380 16S rRNA sequences from representatives of all eu‐ and archaebacterial phyla known so far. The phylogenetic analysis of this data set indicated P. modestum to represent a new separated line of descent within the radiation of eubacterial phyla moderately related to cyano‐bacteria and Gram‐positive bacteria with low DNA GC content.

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Disproving the hypothesis of a common ancestry for the Ochromonas danica chrysoplast and Heliobacterium chlorum

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Molecular phylogenies of plastid origins and algal evolution

Molecular phylogenies of plastid origins and algal evolution

A High-Resolution Gene Map of the Chloroplast Genome of the Red Alga Porphyra purpurea.

Propionigenium modestum: a separate line of descent within the eubacteria

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