Disproportionate emission of bubble streams with killer whale biphonic calls: Perspectives on production and function

Bowles, Ann E.; Grebner, Dawn M.; Musser, Whitney B.; Nash, Juliette S.; Crance, Jessica L.

doi:10.1121/1.4905882

Cited by 7 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…However, bubble streams could also be interpreted as a behavior associated with high states of positive arousal generally. This has been suggested in multiple previous studies on cetaceans, which found bubbles to be associated with higher vocal activity (Dudzinski 1996), "excitement vocalizations" (Herzing 1996), large groups (Pryor 1990), and close-range high-activity states in general (Bowles et al 1988(Bowles et al , 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In particular, little is known about beluga whale behaviortheir arctic habitat makes field studies nearly impossible, and they are less common in captive environments than bottlenose dolphins. This research will expand our understanding of a previously unstudied behavior that is known to occur in at least three odontocete species (McCowan and Reiss 1995, Hill et al 2011, Bowles et al 2015. Especially significant for this study are two opportunities.…”

Section: Significance and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Analysis of behavioral events concurrent with behavioral state or other contextual information has been used to study the function of behavioral events previously (e.g., Recchia 1994, Vergara and Barrett-Lennard 2008, Musser et al 2014, Bowles et al 2015. In order to compare counts of events such as bubbling and vocalizations per unit time (frequency data) with time spent in various states (time-activity budgets), the expected count per unit time had to be calculated and compared with observed counts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We know that bubble streams are not an unavoidable byproduct of vocalization (e.g., Pryor 1990, Bowles et al 2015 and are therefore almost certainly produced to communicate. Pryor (1990) interpreted them as a sign of highly-active social interactions, while Bowles et al (2015Bowles et al ( , 2016 associated them with positive (social-affiliative) and highly active states. This is the first study of belugas to look specifically at bubble stream production to probe the possible function(s) and context(s).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bubble streams do not accompany every vocalization. The rate of bubble stream production has been documented in belugas, bottlenose dolphins, and killer whales (Paine 1995, Herzing 1996, Mann et al 2000, Bowles et al 2015 showing that bubble streams are, on average, emitted synchronously with only a few percent of vocalizations, and that they may also be emitted without a vocalization, particularly in the case of young animals. This adds an additional layer of complexity to both our understanding of the behavior and the behavior itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bubble Stream Production by Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas)

Slack¹

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This thesis is dedicated to "Stone Cold" Steve Austin. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge a few people and organizations that made this work possible. First, to my thesis committee, thank you for your guidance and insights. I truly feel that I am equipped to be a scientist because of the skills you have taught me. Thank you to everyone at SeaWorld San Diego and Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, including the research assistants, who made it possible for this data to be collected and analyzed. I also owe an immense amount to my fellow graduate students in the program for their friendship and support. To my parents: your moral (and, of course, financial) backing were crucial in helping me to accomplish this goal. Not only did you support me through this process, but you have encouraged me for as long as I can remember to find my passion and follow it. That sense of potential and limitlessness is one of the qualities that most deeply defines me as a person, and I will always be indebted to you for that. To Brittany Yakobson, one of my favorite people (and my favorite roommate), thank you for letting me work on my thesis from home in my pajamas more days than I am proud to admit. More importantly, thank you for being a wonderful friend, a shoulder, and an unconditional supporter. To Joy Shapiro: though you fall into the "fellow graduate students" category, you are extra-special to me. You have seen me through so many things and you have a very important place in my heart. Thank you for being one of the most genuine, generous people I have ever met. Finally, to David Vejar, no words can capture how grateful I am for you. I know you don't always believe it when I tell you that I could not have done this without vi you, but it's very true, as is the case with so many things I've done since I have known you. You talked me off the ledge when I felt like giving up, but you also gave me the swift kick in the ass that I needed when I just got lazy. You have always encouraged me to follow my dreams even when it was not convenient for you, and that means the world to me. Thank you.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Significance and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bubble Stream Production by Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas)

Slack¹

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Acoustic behavior associated with cooperative task success in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

Eskelinen¹,

Winship

Jones

et al. 2016

Anim Cogn

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Although many species have proven capable of cooperating to achieve common goals, the role of communication in cooperation has received relatively little attention. Analysis of communication between partners is vital in determining whether actions are truly cooperative rather than serendipitous or learned via trial and error (Chalmeau and Gallo in Behav Process 35:101-111, 1996a. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(95)00049-6 , Primates 37:39-47, 1996b. doi: 10.1007/BF02382918 ). Wild cetaceans often produce sounds during cooperative foraging, playing, and mating, but the role of these sounds in cooperative events is largely unknown. Here, we investigated acoustic communication between two male bottlenose dolphins while they cooperatively opened a container (Kuczaj et al. in Anim Cogn 18:543-550, 2015b. doi: 10.1007/s10071-014-0822-4 ). Analyses of whistles, burst pulses, and bi-phonations that occurred during four contexts (i.e., no container, no animals interacting with container, one animal interacting with container, and two animals interacting with container) revealed that overall sound production rate significantly increased during container interactions. Sound production rates were also significantly higher during cooperative successes than solo successes, suggesting that the coordination of efforts rather than the apparatus itself was responsible for the phonation increase. The most common sound type during cooperative successes was burst pulse signals, similar to past recordings of cooperative events in bottlenose dolphins (Bastian in Animal sonar systems. Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en Josas, pp 803-873, 1967; Connor and Smolker 1996).

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