Disposition of bisphenol A in pregnant mice and fetuses after a single and repeated oral administration

Abstract

The risk assessment of bisphenol A (BPA) on the development of offspring of humans is an important issue. There have been some reports on the fate of BPA in rodents, but information on the BPA level in fetal organs essential for the extrapolation to humans is inadequate. In the present study, we investigated the distribution pattern of 14 C-BPA-derived radioactivity in fetal tissues following administration of 10 mg/kg 14 C-BPA to the pregnant mice. The radioactivity was rapidly transferred through placenta and distributed to all fetal organs including reproductive organs and brains in a similar level. The concentration declined slowly compared with dams. Analysis of metabolites in fetuses showed that a fraction of BPA was unexpectedly large compared to the maternal blood. There was no clear effect of the fetal position in a uterus to influence the radioactivity concentration in whole fetuses. The dose dependence of pharmacokinetics should be recognized to extrapolate the pharmacokinetic result from animal experiments at high doses to humans at low doses. Similar experiments were conducted with an addition of two doses, 1 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The pharmacokinetics seemed to be linear between 1 and 10 mg/kg, although at 100 mg/kg BPA was absorbed slowly and the radioactivity concentrations in fetuses were much higher than expected based on the linear dose dependence. Repeated doses were administered to pregnant mice since humans are exposed to BPA chronically. Radioactivity level in most of the fetal tissues on repeated administration was higher than single administration.

Bisphenol A: developmental toxicity from early prenatal exposurea

“…Many studies of BPA and embryo/fetal development have focused on possible estrogenic effects at the early stages of development. Independent studies have documented the distribution of BPA and BPA metabolites from mother to conceptus during pregnancy (Miyakoda et al, 1999, 2000; Domoradzki et al, 2003; Zalko et al, 2003; Kawamoto et al, 2005). They note that BPA, but not BPA glucuronide, distributes readily to the fetus.…”