Display of the VP1 epitope of foot-and-mouth disease virus on bacteriophage T7 and its application in diagnosis

Wong, Chuan Loo; Sieo, Chin Chin; Tan, Wen Siang

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.07.053

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Conventional tests for the detection of antibodies against FMDV structural proteins, raised after vaccination or infection, use detection antigens derived from live virus, which require specialized biosafety level 3 facilities to produce securely. The use of recombinant technology as an alternative source of test antigens has shown promise in several studies (Ko et al., ; Basagoudanavar et al., ; Wong et al., ). An alternative to the liquid‐phase blocking ELISA or virus neutralization, one study evaluated and supported the use of the solid‐phase competition ELISA for FMDV structural protein antibody detection (Li et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 4 - Diagnostics

Knight-Jones

Robinson

Charleston

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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SummaryThis study assessed knowledge gaps in foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) research in the field of diagnostics. The study took the form of a literature review combined with research updates collected in 2014 from 33 institutes from around the world. Findings were used to identify priority areas for future FMD research.Molecular and genetic technologies, including sequencing, are developing at an increasing rate both in terms of capability and affordability. These advances potentiate progress in many other fields of research, from vaccine development to epidemiology. The development of RT-LAMP represents an important breakthrough allowing greater use and access to molecular diagnostics. It is now possible to determine virus serotype using PCR, although only for certain virus pools, continued progress is needed to cover the global spectrum of FMD viruses. Progress has also been made in the development of pen-side rapid diagnostics, some with the ability to determine serotype. However, further advances in pen-side serotype or strain determination would benefit both FMD-free countries and endemic countries with limited access to wellresourced laboratories.Novel sampling methods that show promise include air sampling and baited ropes, the latter may aid sampling in wildlife and swine. Studies of infrared thermography for the early detection of FMD have not been encouraging, although investigations are ongoing. Multiplex tests have been developed that are able to simultaneously screen for multiple pathogens with similar clinical signs. Crucial for assessing FMDV freedom, tests exist to detect animals that have been infected with FMDV regardless of vaccination status; however, limitations exist, particularly when testing previously vaccinated animals. Novel vaccines are being developed with complementary DIVA tests for this purpose. Research is also needed to improve the current imprecise approaches to FMD vaccine matching.The development of simple, affordable tests increases access to FMD diagnostics, greatly benefiting regions with limited laboratory capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 4 - Diagnostics

Knight-Jones

Robinson

Charleston

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Among the four structural proteins of FMDV, VP4 is completely internalized (31) and thus cannot be used for the development of any diagnostic approach. Although VP1-based diagnostic methods are widely used (32)(33)(34)(35), serotypic structural diversity due to VP1 sequence variation can be responsible for the false-negative identification of anti-viral antibody and limiting serotype-independent detection of FMD. Considering robust diversity within the VP1 coding sequence, another surface protein having less diversity and potential immunogenicity should be targeted for the serotype-independent detection of , where red indicates the exposed surface and blue indicates the buried regions; threshold was kept at 25%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antigenicity value calculation determined four sites to have a higher antigenicity value than the preset threshold. The sites are DKKTEETTLLEDRI (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), STTQSSVGVTYGY (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36), TSGLETRV (48-55), and NQFNGGCLLVA (114-124) ( Table 2). The sites were found to have surface exposure and a functionally active structural configuration (Figure 2A), indicating their possible interaction with the immune cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico Evolutionary Divergence Analysis Suggests the Potentiality of Capsid Protein VP2 in Serotype-Independent Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Detection

Mishu

Akter

Alam³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an economically devastating disease of the livestock worldwide and caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), which has seven immunologically distinct serotypes (O, A, Asia1, C, and SAT1-SAT3). Studies suggest that VP2 is relatively conserved among three surface-exposed capsid proteins (VP1-VP3) of FMDV, but the level of conservation has not yet been reported. Here we analyzed the comparative evolutionary divergence of VP2 and VP1 to determine the level of conservation in VP2 at different hierarchical levels of three FMDV serotypes (O, A, and Asia1) currently circulating in Asia through an in-depth computational analysis of 14 compiled datasets and designed a consensus VP2 protein that can be used for the development of a serotype-independent FMDV detection tool. The phylogenetic analysis clearly represented a significant level of conservation in VP2 over VP1 at each subgroup level. The protein variability analysis and mutational study showed the presence of 67.4% invariant amino acids in VP2, with the N-terminal end being highly conserved. Nine inter-serotypically conserved fragments located on VP2 have been identified, among which four sites showed promising antigenicity value and surface exposure. The designed 130 amino acid long consensus VP2 protein possessed six surface-exposed B cell epitopes, which suggests the possible potentiality of the protein for the development of a serotype-independent FMDV detection tool in Asia. Conclusively, this is the first study to report the comparative evolutionary divergence between VP2 and VP1, along with proposing the possible potentiality of a designed protein candidate in serotype-independent FMDV detection.

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“…The specificity and sensitivity of this test were 100 and 96%, respectively (80). Interestingly, Wong et al (52) genetically fused the capsid protein of T7 bacteriophage with the VP1 of FMDV and demonstrated that the recombinant protein, when served as the coating antigen in an indirect ELISA, could react with the vaccinated and positive infected bovine sera, suggesting its potential application in FMD diagnosis. Wong et al (53) further delineated the VP1 sequence of FMDV to 12-amino-acid residues using amino acid sequence alignment, homology modeling, and phage display, in which the chimeric phage T7 displaying VP1 159−170 epitope was demonstrated to have an improved sensitivity of 100% in a phage-based ELISA.…”

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a devastating livestock disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Outbreaks of this disease in a country always result in conspicuous economic losses to livestock industry and subsequently lead to serious socioeconomic damages due to the immediate imposition of trade embargo. Rapid and accurate diagnoses are imperative to control this infectious virus. In the current review, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based methods used in FMD diagnosis are extensively reviewed, particularly the sandwich, liquid-phase blocking, and solid-phase competition ELISA. The differentiation of infected animals from vaccinated animals using ELISA-based methods is also highlighted, in which the role of 3ABC polyprotein as a marker is reviewed intensively. Recently, more studies are focusing on the molecular diagnostic methods, which detect the viral nucleic acids based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RT-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). These methods are generally more sensitive because of their ability to amplify a minute amount of the viral nucleic acids. In this digital era, the RT-PCR and RT-LAMP are progressing toward the mobile versions, aiming for on-site FMDV diagnosis. Apart from RT-PCR and RT-LAMP, another diagnostic assay specifically designed for on-site diagnosis is the lateral flow immunochromatographic test strips. These test strips have some distinct advantages over other diagnostic methods, whereby the assay often does not require the aid of an external device, which greatly lowers the cost per test. In addition, the on-site diagnostic test can be easily performed by untrained personnel including farmers, and the results can be obtained in a few minutes. Lastly, the use of FMDV diagnostic assays for progressive control of the disease is also discussed critically.

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Display of the VP1 epitope of foot-and-mouth disease virus on bacteriophage T7 and its application in diagnosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 4 - Diagnostics

Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 4 - Diagnostics

In silico Evolutionary Divergence Analysis Suggests the Potentiality of Capsid Protein VP2 in Serotype-Independent Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Detection

Advances in the Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

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