Displacements and segment linkage in strike-slip fault zones

Peacock, David

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(91)90054-m

Cited by 223 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[4] Faults have geometric irregularities in the direction of the slip over a large range of scales [Okubo and Aki, 1987;Power et al, 1987;Peacock, 1991]. They display segmentation, branching, and corrugations which indicate an ongoing nucleation and merging of brittle fractures [Stewart and Hancock, 1991;Jackson, 1987;Lee and Bruhn, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric and rheological asperities in an exposed fault zone

2009

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Earthquake dynamics are strongly affected by fault zone structure and fault surface geometry. Here we investigate the interplay of bulk deformation and surface topography using detailed structural analysis of a fault zone near Klamath Falls, Oregon, combined with LiDAR measurements of the fault surface. We find that the fault zone has a layered damage architecture. Slip primarily occurs inside a 1–20 mm wide band that contains principal slip surfaces with individual widths of ∼100 μm. The slip band sits atop a cohesive layer which deforms by granular flow. Several fault strands with total slips of 0.5–150 m also have cohesive layers with thicknesses increasing monotonically with slip. The thickness added to the cohesive layer per unit slip decreases with increasing displacement indicating that slip progressively localizes. The main fault is a continuous surface with 10–40 m long quasi‐elliptical geometrical asperities, i.e., bumps. The bumps reflect variations of the thickness of the granular cohesive layer and can be generated by a pinch‐and‐swell instability. As the granular layer is rheological distinct from its surroundings, the asperities are both geometrical and rheological inhomogenities. Modeling slip along wavy faults shows that slip on a surface with a realistic geometry requires internal yielding of the host rock. Our observations suggest that the internal deformation processes in the fault zone include ongoing fracture, slip along secondary faults, and particle rotation. Granular flow is an important part of faulting in this locale. Slip surfaces localize on the border of the granular cohesive layer. The ongoing slip smoothes the surfaces and thus the structural and geometrical evolution of the granular layer creates a preference for continued of slip on the same surface. There is a feedback cycle between slip on the surface and the generation of the granular layer that then deforms and controls the locus of future slip.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric and rheological asperities in an exposed fault zone

2009

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“…Roberts et al 1991) Peacock 1991). However, the precise interaction of the variations in stress generated by either the loss of displacement on individual faults or the transfer of displacement between fault segments, and the effects of these changes in displacement both on sediment basin location and sediment transfer patterns, remain to be studied.…”

Section: Understanding Fault Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

McCann

Saintot

2003

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Tectonic activity, on a range of scales, is a fundamental control on sedimentary activity. The range of structural deformation within a region extends from the plate tectonic scale, governing, for example, rift initiation, to the basin scale, with the formation of basinbounding faults. Internal basin configuration is also strongly influenced by tectonic activity. However, the relationship between tectonic activity and sedimentation is a complex one, given the many additional factors which can also influence sedimentary activity, including erosion, sediment transport, source area lithology, groundwater chemistry, range of depositional environments, climate, eustasy, and the relative location of an area and its distality to marine influences. In this paper we provide a selective overview of the issues associated with the interlinked themes of tectonics and sedimentation, examining the main basin types forming in both extensional and compressional plate settings. We then review the various models of sedimentation in the selected basins, both on a local and a basinal scale. Finally, we look to the future -providing a series of possible research areas, almost exclusively multidisciplinary, which would help to improve existing models of interlinked sedimen~tectonics systems.Sedimentary basins, and the depositional successions within them, provide the most tangible and accessible records of the lithospheric, geographical, oceanographic and ecological developments which occur in a specific area over a specific period of time. Tectonic activity, on a range of scales, is a major control on sedimentary activity. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of studies aiming to unravel the links between tectonic events and sedimentary response, both on a basin and intrabasinal scale (e.g.

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“…This variability may result from fault interaction and linkage, fault bends, lithologic variations, and fault propagation rate variations (Peacock, 1991;Burgmann and others, 1994;Peacock and Sanderson, 1996). The average displacement gradient on a displacement-distance profile is steeper in a zone of interacting faults and the locus of maximum displacement of each fault shifts toward the interacting tip (Peacock andSanderson, 1991, 1994;Willemse and others, 1996;Willemse, 1997).…”

Section: Structural Linkage Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field guide to geologic excursions in southwestern Utah and adjacent areas of Arizona and Nevada

Lund¹

2002

Open-File Report

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Displacements and segment linkage in strike-slip fault zones

Cited by 223 publications

References 25 publications

Geometric and rheological asperities in an exposed fault zone

Geometric and rheological asperities in an exposed fault zone

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

Field guide to geologic excursions in southwestern Utah and adjacent areas of Arizona and Nevada

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