Displacement – based parametric study on the seismic response of gravity earth-retaining walls

A simplified method for estimating Newmark displacements of mountain reservoirs

“…The objective of permanent-displacement analysis methods is to bridge the gap between the simplistic pseudo-static approach and complex stress-deformation analyses. They are still commonly used to develop seismic assessment approaches applied to the cases of natural slopes [50,33,54] and retaining walls [15]. Permanentdisplacement analysis methods were formulated on the ba-sis of the sliding block theory proposed by Newmark [40].…”

Μελέτη Της Σεισμικής Συμπεριφοράς Τοίχων Εδαφικής Αντιστήριξης Τύπου Βαρύτητας

“…xxviii the relations of Newmark (1965), Richards and Elms (1979), Whitman and Liao (1985), Cai and Bathurst (1996), and Deyanova et al (2016). The results of comparisons between measured values and values predicted by both the FEM simulation and the analytical relation are tabulated in Tables S-10, S-11, S-12, and S-13.…”

“…Chapter 2 presents an overview of published information on the seismic behavior of yielding gravity retaining walls (with either cohesionless or cohesive backfill), including findings from the observation of behavior of existing retaining walls, analytical solutions, physical model testing and results of numerical analyses. The information focuses first on the seismic earth pressures and includes results of numerical analyses (using the FEM) for two wall heights (4.0m and 7.5m) regarding the phase difference (expressed through the ratio ∆σ h /∆σ hmax ) between wall inertia and seismic earth pressure as a function of backfill acceleration ( Information pertaining to the seismic displacements of retaining walls is presented next, including some available semi-empirical relations for prediction of expected displacements (Newmark, 1965, Richards and Elms, 1979, Whitman and Liao, 1985, Cai and Bathurst, 1996and Deyanova et al, 2016. Results of a numerical study of the seismic displacements of two retaining walls (heights 4.0m and 7.5m) are also reviewed in this chapter, showing the effect of backfill acceleration on the permanent horizontal seismic displacements of the walls (Fig Figure S-5 Dependence of the limit value of sliding acceleration, a hcr , on the wall height and friction angle of backfill (Vlachakis et al, 2014) The chapter concludes with a summary of main previous findings on the inertial and kinematic behavior of gravity retaining walls, including the effects of cohesive backfill materials.…”

“…Στις δεκαετίες που ακολούθησαν η έρευνα προς τη συγκεκριμένη κατεύθυνση συνεχίστηκε και είναι σήμερα διαθέσιμες πολλές βελτιωμένες εμπειρικές μέθοδοι προσδιορισμού των σεισμικών μετακινήσεων τοίχων αντιστήριξης, μερικές από τις οποίες είναι ιδιαίτερα πρόσφατες (π.χ. Deyanova et al, 2016). Είναι προφανές ότι οι ανωτέρω μέθοδοι αποτελούν πολύτιμο εργαλείο για τον σχεδιασμό τοίχων εδαφικής αντιστήριξης με βάση την επιτελεστικότητα (performance-based design).…”

“…της επιτάχυνσης) της διέγερσης. Ενδέχεται όμως η "Arias Intensity" της σεισμικής κίνησης να αποτελεί καλύτερη παράμετρο για τη συσχέτιση "μετακίνηση-ένταση κίνησης" (Deyanova et al, 2016).…”