Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Preconcentration and Determination of Nickel in Water

Abstract

A method for the determination of nickel in water was developed. The procedure involves preconcentration of nickel by using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. The Ni(II) ions were extracted in chloroform in the form of complex with the reagent 2-(2 0 -benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol. Ethanol was used as the disperser solvent. After injection of the extracting mixture in a solution of nickel, a cloudy mixture was observed. A quick centrifugation induces phase separation and thus the settling of rich phase. The nickel content in the rich phase is measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection and quantification obtained were 1.4 and 4.7 mg L À1 , respectively. Some parameters used to characterize preconcentration systems, such as enrichment factor and consumption index were calculated and resulted in 29 and 0.34 mL, respectively. After optimization of variables and determination of analytical characteristics, the method was used for the analysis of certified reference materials (BCR-713: wastewater, effluent and BCR-414: plankton) and real water samples.

Analysis of Losartan And Carvedilol in Urine And Plasma Samples Using A Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Isocratic Hplc–Uv Method

“…A ternary solvent extraction system, including dispersive solvent, extraction solvent and aqueous samples containing target analyte, provides a simple, rapid and cheap method that leads to a high enrichment factor and high recovery. DLLME has been widely applied for environmental and food samples [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], while its application for drug ana lysis in biological matrices has been rarely studied (Table 2) . Urine was studied as the most common biological sample, and plasma, serum, whole blood and saliva were analyzed for the applicability of DLLME for drug extraction from biological samples.…”

Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction of Nickel Prior to Its Determination by Microsample Injection System-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

“…In order to overcome these limitations, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was proposed recently (Rezaee et al 2006). However, there have been few reports related to DLLME for nickel preconcentration (Jiang, Qin, and Hu 2008;Seresthi, Khojeh, and Samadi 2011;Lemos et al 2012). The present DLLME methods have employed 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-naphtol (PAN), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Na-DDTC), and 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol (BTAC) as chelating agents, with atomic spectroscopic instruments as determination techniques.…”

Surface active ionic liquid‑assisted cloud point extraction method for preconcentration of nickel in environmental samples before its FAAS determination

“…Methods of preconcentration and separation are substantial before the measurements to overcome these limitations by increasing the sensitivity and enhancing estimation accuracy. The development of different methods to separate and enrich of trace Ni(II) from different samples, such as cloud point extraction [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], solid-phase extraction [12][13][14], co-precipitation [15] liquid-liquid extraction [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and has recently been documented in the literature.…”