Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Jahromi, Elham Zeini; Bidari, Araz; Assadi, Yaghoub; Hosseini, M. Reza; Jamali, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2007.01.007

Cited by 400 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This method is simple, rapid and efficient and high-enrichment factors (EFs) and recoveries (Rs) are attainable. DLLME has been used for preconcentration of copper [23], organophosphorus compound [24,25], preconcentration and determination of trace metals in water samples [26][27][28] and preconcentration of polymer additives from aqueous samples, followed by their analysis by HPLC [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Fe(III) as their oxinate chelates and analysis by HPLC: Application for the simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples

Farajzadeh

Bahram

Vardast

2009

J of Separation Science

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In this study, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method was used for the preconcentration and simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples as their oxinate chelates. In dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction process, methanol and chloroform were used as disperser and extracting solvents, respectively, and the ligand 8-hydroxy quinoline was used as a chelating agent for the extraction of Co(II) and Fe(III). HPLC was applied for the quantitation of the analytes after preconcentration. An experimental design, central composite design, coupled with response surface methodology was used for the optimization of the involved experimental parameters. In addition, the effect of various experimental parameters in the extraction was investigated using one variable at a time method. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 20-4000 mg/L with the LODs of 3 mg/L for both analytes. The RSDs for six replicate measurements of 500 mg/L of Co 21 and Fe 31 were 3.3 and 4.1%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Fe(III) as their oxinate chelates and analysis by HPLC: Application for the simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples

Farajzadeh

Bahram

Vardast

2009

J of Separation Science

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“…14 This method has been applied for the determination of trace organic pollutants and metal ions in the environmental samples. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Recently we reported a new DLLME method to preconcentration of silver and copper without the addition of the chelating agent, 25,26 and a new ultra sound assisted emulsification for simultaneous microextraction trace amount of cobalt and manganese. 27 DLLME is based on a ternary component solvent system like homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction and cloud point extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the simultaneous separation of trace amounts of zinc and cadmium ions in water samples prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

et al. 2012

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Recebido em 9/2/11; aceito em 11/6/11; publicado na web em 8/8/11In the proposed method, carbon tetrachloride and ethanol were used as extraction and dispersive solvents. Several factors that may be affected on the extraction process, such as extraction solvent, disperser solvent, the volume of extraction and disperser solvent, pH of the aqueous solution and extraction time were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, linearity was maintained between 1.0 ng mL -1 to 1.5 mg mL -1 for zinc and 1.0 ng mL -1 to 0.4 mg mL -1 for cadmium. The proposed method has been applied for determination of trace amount of zinc and cadmium in standard and water samples with satisfactory results

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“…16-18 Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed to extract organic compounds from water by Rezaee et al 19 and then successfully applied to the extraction of elements from water, [20][21][22][23] In this study, a DLLME method was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of toxic elements (As and Cd) in sugar for subsequent determination by ICP-MS. Some important parameters of the DLLME method, such as type and volume of extraction and dispersive solvent, pH of sample solution, chelating agent, sample mass and number of washing steps, were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some microextraction methods, such as single drop microextraction (SDME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) have recently been applied to organic and inorganic analytes. [16][17][18] Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed to extract organic compounds from water by Rezaee et al 19 and then successfully applied to the extraction of elements from water, [20][21][22][23] food, beverages, [24][25][26] tobacco, 27 pharmaceuticals 28 and other matrices. The main advantages of DLLME are simplicity, low cost, low reagent consumption, high enrichment factors and agreement with green analytical chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of DLLME for the Extraction and Preconcentration of As and Cd in Sugar for Further Determination by ICP-MS

Seeger¹,

Vecchia²,

Machado³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A method for determining low levels of As and Cd by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was proposed. The following parameters that affect extraction efficiency were investigated: type and volume of extraction solvent (1000 µL acetone), type and volume of dispersive solvent (75 µL carbon tetrachloride), amount of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate as chelating agents, sample mass (0.5 g in 10 mL ultrapure water), pH of sample solution (2.0) and number of washing steps (one). Accuracy was evaluated by analytes determination in sugar samples by ICP-MS after digestion by microwave-induced combustion (MIC). No significant difference was observed between results of the proposed DLLME method and MIC in the case of both analytes. Instrument calibration was performed by the standard addition method and good linearity was achieved. Limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.7 and 0.2 ng g -1 for As and Cd, respectively. The main advantages of this method are relatively high sample mass, low dilution, suitable preconcentration factors and significantly low LOQs (ng g -1 range). When the proposed method was used for determining As and Cd in four sugar samples, their concentrations ranged from 1.13 to 2.95 ng g -1 and from 0.31 to 0.43 ng g -1 , respectively.Keywords: dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, sugar, arsenic, cadmium, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry IntroductionSugar has been widely consumed around the world by people of all ages, since it is an important ingredient found in several products, such as sweets, softdrinks and bread. 1,2 Similarly to other food, it is prone to contamination by toxic elements throughout its production and manufacturing processes.3 Some elements can be classified into essential or toxic, depending on the role they play in the metabolism of living organisms. Ca, Cu and Zn are essential for life whereas As, Cd and others do not have any known biological function and may be toxic, depending on their concentrations, thus posing potential risks to human health. [4][5][6][7] Arsenic may cause several health problems with mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. In humans, it can affect neurological, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, besides causing hypertension. [7][8][9] Cadmium is the most toxic element to humans, since it leads to renal failure, hypertension, emphysema and carcinogenic hazards, mainly in the kidney and prostate. 8,9 Therefore, As and Cd must be considered toxic even at low concentrations and must be monitored in the environment, food and beverages.Several techniques have been developed for simultaneous element determination at ultratrace levels in food samples. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) 10 and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) 11 are the most successful examples. Regarding these techniques, the latter, which is the most sensitive, versatile and suitable one for routine applicati...

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Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Cited by 400 publications

References 34 publications

Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Fe(III) as their oxinate chelates and analysis by HPLC: Application for the simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples

Optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Co(II) and Fe(III) as their oxinate chelates and analysis by HPLC: Application for the simultaneous determination of Co(II) and Fe(III) in water samples

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the simultaneous separation of trace amounts of zinc and cadmium ions in water samples prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

Feasibility of DLLME for the Extraction and Preconcentration of As and Cd in Sugar for Further Determination by ICP-MS

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