Dispersive electron transport in an electroluminescent polyfluorene copolymer measured by the current integration time-of-flight method

Campbell, Alasdair J.; Bradley, Donal D. C.; Antoniadis, Homer

doi:10.1063/1.1406143

Cited by 217 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[5,6] Electron transport in most organics is dispersive [7], which results in high operating voltages and subsequent device degradation. In addition to the widely used electron transporter Alq 3, [8] derivatives of nathrolines, [7] oxadiazoles, [9] quinolines, [10] quinoxalines, [11] and benzothiadiazoles [12] have also been used. Electron mobilities on the order of 10 -4 -10 -3 cm 2 /Vsec, mostly dispersive, have been reported in an inert atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Molecular Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Silole Derivatives

Palilis¹,

Maekinen²,

Murata³

et al. 2003

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We report the performance of molecular organic light-emitting diodes (MOLEDs) using silole derivatives as emissive and electron transport materials. Two siloles, namely 2,5-di-(3-biphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilacyclopentadiene (PPSPP) and 1,2-bis(1-methyl-2,3,4,5,-tetraphenylsilacyclopentadienyl)ethane (2PSP), with high PL quantum yields of 94% and 85%, respectively, were used as emissive materials. Another silole, namely 2,5-bis-(2',2''-bipyridin-6-yl)-1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilacyclopentadiene (PyPySPyPy), was used as the electron transport material. MOLEDs using these two siloles and NPB as the hole transport material show a low operating voltage of approximately 4.5 V at a luminance of 100 cd/m 2 and high external electroluminescence (EL) quantum efficiencies of 3.4% and 3.8%, respectively, at 100 A/m 2 .MOLEDs based on PPSPP exhibit a red-shifted EL spectrum which is assigned to an exciplex formed at the PPSPP:NPB interface. Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Molecular Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Silole Derivatives

Palilis¹,

Maekinen²,

Murata³

et al. 2003

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“…nanoparticle ͉ single molecule spectroscopy ͉ charge injection T he nature of positive charge carriers (holes) in organic conjugated polymers remains obscure despite decades of materials and device research (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Evidence suggests that there are at least two main types of holes, namely shallowly trapped (mobile) holes and deeply trapped holes (DTHs) (10)(11)(12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Light-assisted deep-trapping of holes in conjugated polymers

Bolinger

Fradkin

Lee

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The injection of positive charge carriers (holes) into a single conjugated polymer chain was observed to be light-assisted. This effect may underlie critical, poorly understood organic electronic device phenomena such as the build-up of functional deeply trapped charge layers in polymer light emitting diodes. The charging/ discharging dynamics were investigated indirectly by a variety of single molecule electro-optical spectroscopic techniques, including an ''image-capture'' approach.nanoparticle ͉ single molecule spectroscopy ͉ charge injection

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“…The best studied conjugated polymer system so far is the blend of PFB [poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl-co-bis-N,NN -(4-butylphenyl)-bis-N,N -phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine)] [68] and F8BT [poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl-cobenzothiadiazole)] [69]. The correlation between layer composition, morphology, and photovoltaic properties for devices prepared from various organic solvents has been studied in detail for this model system [35,64,[70][71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Organic Solar Cells

Kietzke

2007

Advances in OptoElectronics

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Solar cells based on organic semiconductors have attracted much attention. The thickness of the active layer of organic solar cells is typically only 100 nm thin, which is about 1000 times thinner than for crystalline silicon solar cells and still 10 times thinner than for current inorganic thin film cells. The low material consumption per area and the easy processing of organic semiconductors offer a huge potential for low cost large area solar cells. However, to compete with inorganic solar cells the efficiency of organic solar cells has to be improved by a factor of 2-3. Several organic semiconducting materials have been investigated so far, but the optimum material still has to be designed. Similar as for organic light emitting devices (OLED) small molecules are competing with polymers to become the material of choice. After a general introduction into the device structures and operational principles of organic solar cells the three different basic types (all polymer based, all small molecules based and small molecules mixed with polymers) are described in detail in this review. For each kind the current state of research is described and the best of class reported efficiencies are listed.

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Dispersive electron transport in an electroluminescent polyfluorene copolymer measured by the current integration time-of-flight method

Cited by 217 publications

References 18 publications

Efficient Molecular Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Silole Derivatives

Efficient Molecular Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Silole Derivatives

Light-assisted deep-trapping of holes in conjugated polymers

Recent Advances in Organic Solar Cells

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