Dispersion and rheology of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites: effect of cation exchange capacity and number of alkyl tails

Li, Qiang; Zeng, Qiong; Huang, Yajiang; Lv, Yadong; Li, Qiong; Yang, Qi

doi:10.1007/s10853-012-6820-5

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The organic components of polymer/clay composites can be completely decomposed at high temperature with enough time, which was used to determine the exact mass fraction of clays within the polymers matrix from the total degradation of composites and the mass loss of clay . According to this method, known as ash determination, the true weight fraction of OMMT was calculated as follows:

W_{true}^{i} = \frac{W_{ash}^{i}}{W_{ash}^{0}}

where, W i true is the true weight fraction of OMMT in composites, W i ash is the weight fractions of combustion residues relative to composites samples ( i is the theoretical mass of 1–9); particularly, W 0 ash is the weight fraction of combustion residues relative to pure MMT samples, W 0 ash = 60%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UHMWPE/organoclay nanocomposites fabricated by melt intercalation under continuous elongational flow: Dispersion, thermal behaviors and mechanical properties

Lin

Hou

Feng

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The preparation of ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/organoclay nanocomposites by continuous elongational flow technique was investigated in a novel eccentric rotor extruder (ERE). The distribution and dispersion morphologies of organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) layers were revealed and observed by ash determination, wide angle X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The thermal and thermal-mechanical behaviors were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter, thermal gravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The mechanical performances was measured by tensile and impact test. The morphologies of the nanocomposites evidenced that the OMMT layers can be well intercalated or/and exfoliated by UHMWPE matrix, then the fabrication mechanism of intercalated and exfoliated OMMT structures under continuous elongational flow was discussed. The ideal dispersion of OMMT in UHMWPE matrix obviously improved the crystallinity and the mechanical properties at a certain concentration of OMMT loading, indicating that the lower OMMT addition can lead an effective strengthening and toughening for UHMWPE. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:547-554, 2019.

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W_{true}^{i} = \frac{W_{ash}^{i}}{W_{ash}^{0}}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UHMWPE/organoclay nanocomposites fabricated by melt intercalation under continuous elongational flow: Dispersion, thermal behaviors and mechanical properties

Lin

Hou

Feng

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…This method of calculation is the same as that used in our previous study. [20] Table 1 shows the TGA results and nomenclature of the various clays used in this study.…”

Section: Morphology and Rheology Of Nanocomposites 331mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melt elongation was performed using an extensional viscosity fixture (EVF) fixed on the ARES rheometer. A detailed description of the rheological measurements has been reported in our previous study [20]. Figure 2 shows the weight evolution of pristine and organically modified clays during thermogravimetric analysis under a nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Rheological Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surfactant Functional Groups on Morphology and Rheology of Polypropylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Zeng

Huang

et al. 2015

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B

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Three surfactants, with the same long alkyl tail but varying in functional groups, were selected to modify two pristine clays with different cation exchange capacities (CEC). Each of the modified clays was melt-mixed with polypropylene (PP) to prepare nanocomposites. The microstructure of the resultant nanocomposites was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rheological techniques. The results showed that the surfactant structure had remarkable effects on the morphology and shear rheology of the nanocomposites based on the high-CEC organoclay: use of benzyl functional groups led to the highest extent of intercalation and highest enhancement of shear properties, while use of 2-hydroxyethyl groups had the opposite effect. Nanocomposites based on low-CEC organoclay all exhibited poor dispersion and their shear behavior was changed only slightly in comparison to the polymer matrix. In the case of extensional rheology, strain hardening was observed only in the two nanocomposites containing surfactants with 2-hydroxyethyl groups, regardless of the dispersion state of the nanoparticles.

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“…Hence, the key challenge in designing nanoparticle based materials is the incorporation of nanoparticles in a fully dispersed and stable state, which can be enhanced by the organophilization of the silicates with addition of organic modifiers [40,41] . In recent years, the functionalization of clay minerals with organosilane has attracted considerable interest, mainly due to the increasing requirements from the area of polymer-clay nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Halloysite Nanotubes as Novel Nanofiller on Peroxide- and Electron Beam Radiation-Initiated Polyphosphazene Elastomer

Kundu

Hatui

Das

et al. 2014

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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A tubelike, naturally occurring halloysite clay mineral (HNTs) incorporated polyphosphazene (PPZ) elastomeric nanocomposites had been electron beam radiated and thermally treated for certain applications. To improve the dispersion of raw HNTs (H), an organosilane modifier had been exploited. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique were utilized for plausible interaction and intercalation. The efficiency of electron beam radiation over chemical initiation for intra and inter chain network formation within the resin was substantiated through oil and solvent resistance studies. Effective delay in mass transport as compared to the virgin elastomer was observed through thermal analysis. Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/lpte. 691 INTRODUCTIONElastomers are a class of polymeric material exhibiting high elastic behavior hence making them ideal for use in seals, sealants, gaskets, and shock absorbing applications. Development and commercialization of high performance thermosetting elastomers (both inorganic and organic) to satisfy the increasing demand for polymeric materials with wide range of thermal stability, modulus, and chemical resistance have drawn interest of industries as well as of scientific communities [1,2] . In this area, amidst polysiloxanes, poly(sulfur nitride), polycarbosilanes, etc.; inorganic elastomer like polyphosphazenes are of great importance since it can be fabricated with large variety of substituents giving rise to diverse physical and chemical properties generating nonburning, hydrophobic, film and fiber forming materials, photosensitive and electrical conductors or insulators, solvent, oil and hydraulic fluid-resistant elastomers, etc. [3] .Polyphosphazenes are high molecular weight, hybrid organic-inorganic polymers with a backbone chain of alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms and each phosphorus atom bearing two substituents can be optimized with a wide variety of side groups leading to development of high performance commercial elastomers, electro-optical glasses, ion-transport membranes, flame retardants, biomedical materials and many more [4] . Chemical and thermal stability along with the flexibility of the overall backbone chain are influenced mainly by the side groups.Among the versatile side groups, occupation of only one type of fluoroalkoxy side group upon each phosphorus atom makes the polymer nonburning, hydrophobic, nanocrystalline, film and fiber forming material. The polymer becomes a low-glass transition, hydrophobic, solvent, oil, and hydraulic fluidresistant elastomer if substituted by two or more fluoroalkoxy side groups. Mixed aryloxy derivatives produces non-burning, lowsmoke-forming elastomers for thermal and electrical insulations. Three different techniques like the ring-opening polymerization followed by macromolecular substitution approach, the cyclic trimer substitution followed by ring-opening polymerization approach and the condensation techniq...

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Dispersion and rheology of polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites: effect of cation exchange capacity and number of alkyl tails

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

UHMWPE/organoclay nanocomposites fabricated by melt intercalation under continuous elongational flow: Dispersion, thermal behaviors and mechanical properties

UHMWPE/organoclay nanocomposites fabricated by melt intercalation under continuous elongational flow: Dispersion, thermal behaviors and mechanical properties

Influence of Surfactant Functional Groups on Morphology and Rheology of Polypropylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Effect of Halloysite Nanotubes as Novel Nanofiller on Peroxide- and Electron Beam Radiation-Initiated Polyphosphazene Elastomer

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