Dispersal of Synanthropic Diptera: Lessons from the Past and Technology for the Future

Jones, Carl J.; Isard, Scott A.; Cortinas, M. Roberto

doi:10.1093/aesa/92.6.829

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The sudden appearance of stable ßies on beaches coincident with the passage of weather fronts has been well documented in Florida (King and Lenert 1936, Williams 1973, Jones et al 1991, New Jersey (Hansens 1951), along the shore of the Great Lakes in early summer (Voegtline et al 1965, Wang and Gill 1970, Newson 1977, Broce 1993, and on feedlots in the Great Plains region (Jones et al 1999). Marked stable ßies were observed to travel downwind to the Florida coast as far as 224 km during a 24-h period (Hogsette and Ruff 1985).…”

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confidence: 95%

Local Infestation or Long-Distance Migration? The Seasonal Recolonization of Dairy Farms by <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> (Diptera: Muscidae) in South Central Ontario, Canada

Beresford

Sutcliffe

2009

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Stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations in south central Ontario, Canada, first occur on dairy farms in late spring, grow exponentially throughout the summer, and are frozen back each autumn. We examined the extent of overwinter persistence on 22 dairy farms in a 55- by 60-km region north of Lake Ontario that spans four climatic zones. Our overwintering sampling of larval habitat identified three farms located in the southern section of the study region as potential overwintering refugia. Using sticky trap catches to identify the timing of first spring appearance at each farm, we then tested two models of how local farm populations are reestablished annually: 1) stable flies disperse from local climatic refuges and colonize neighboring farms (the local source model); and 2) stable flies are carried into the study region by frontal weather systems (the distant source model). The timing of when stable flies first occurred at these farms supported a local source of dispersing colonists from a small proportion of local refuge farms. We discuss our results in terms of how yearly fluctuation in climate would affect refuge farm density in the region and how this, in turn, would shift the recolonization dynamic. Implications for controlling stable flies also are discussed.

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Local Infestation or Long-Distance Migration? The Seasonal Recolonization of Dairy Farms by <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> (Diptera: Muscidae) in South Central Ontario, Canada

Beresford

Sutcliffe

2009

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“…In several reports, outbreaks of stable ßies were observed in places where larval developmental sites were absent, and those observations prompted speculation that the outbreaks were the result of weatherassisted dispersal from more distant sources (Broce 1993;Jones et al 1998Jones et al , 1999.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dispersal of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Development Sites in a Nebraska Landscape

Taylor

Moon

Campbell

et al. 2010

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Seven mark-recapture studies were conducted over 3 yr to assess dispersal of newly emerging adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L., from larval development sites in a mixed agricultural environment in northeastern Nebraska. Infested hay debris piles were marked by dusting their surfaces with fluorescent pigments, adults were captured with surrounding grids of Alsynite sticky traps, and specimens were dissected to determine feeding histories and reproductive age. Distances and directions of 3,889 marked specimens indicated males and females dispersed equally and in all directions. Midguts of males and females were equally likely to contain blood-meal remnants. Percentage with blood remnants and percentage of females with yolk increased with distance from mark origin, indicating survival and spread were positively associated with host finding success. A time-integrated diffusion model fit to results from the seven studies indicated 50% of stable fly adults had dispersed beyond 1.6 km of their natal site, but only 5% had dispersed beyond 5.1 km. These results indicate that stable fly adults on cattle in a given area are most likely to have originated from larval development sites within an ≈ 5 km radius of the subject cattle.

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“…The economic impact of M. domestica on cattle is more difÞcult to substantiate, but its impact on the health of humans and livestock is well documented (Skoda and Thomas 1992, Tan et al 1997, Iwasa et al 1999. Control of house ßies and stable ßies is complicated by their ability to disperse to areas surrounding their larval development sites, and their economic impact has spread from livestock and dairy industries to other businesses and surrounding communities (Hogsette and Ruff 1985;Jones et al 1987Jones et al , 1991Jones et al , 1999Jones 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Parasitism of House Fly and Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae by Pteromalid (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Parasitoids Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

Ratcliffe¹,

Robertson

Jones

et al. 2002

J Med Entomol

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The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA of house flies, Musca domestica L., the stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), and four parasitoid species in the genus Muscidifurax (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were characterized to develop a method based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to better define the role of pteromalid parasitism of pupae of the house fly and stable fly. Two parasitoid-specific primers were designed to anneal to the 5' end of the 5.8S rRNA gene in the parasitoid species. When paired with a universal primer at the 3' end of the 18S rRNA, the primers amplified the target ITS1 region in 10 pteromalid species. PCR allowed detection of parasitoid DNA within 24 h after females of Spalangia endius Walker oviposited into house fly puparia. PCR failed to amplify parasitoid DNA or detect parasitism in puparia that were exposed to parasitoid oviposition, allowed to develop 7 d, then killed by freezing and held at 20-24 degrees C for 4 d to allow DNA degradation. Digestion of the PCR products with restriction enzymes produced restriction fragment length polymorphisms that allowed identification of individual parasitoid species. Significantly greater levels of parasitism (P < 0.05) were detected by PCR for two of the five field collection dates in 1997. On the dates when PCR detected higher levels of parasitism than estimates provided by emergence of adult insects from samples taken at Feedlot M in 1997, more than 65% of all puparia in the emergence samples failed to produce an adult insect. Three puparia collected in 1997 produced double PCR bands that corresponded to PCR band sizes of Muscidifurax spp. and Spalangia sp., possibly indicating multiple parasitism or hyperparasitism.

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Dispersal of Synanthropic Diptera: Lessons from the Past and Technology for the Future

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Local Infestation or Long-Distance Migration? The Seasonal Recolonization of Dairy Farms by <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> (Diptera: Muscidae) in South Central Ontario, Canada

Local Infestation or Long-Distance Migration? The Seasonal Recolonization of Dairy Farms by <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> (Diptera: Muscidae) in South Central Ontario, Canada

Dispersal of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Development Sites in a Nebraska Landscape

Assessment of Parasitism of House Fly and Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae by Pteromalid (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Parasitoids Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

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