Dispersal of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Evidence and Insights for Ecological Studies

Paz, Claudia; Öpik, Maarja; Bulascoschi, Letícia; Bueno, C. Guillermo; Galetti, Mauro

doi:10.1007/s00248-020-01582-x

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Co-existence can be facilitated by high phylogenetic distance between the invaders and indigenous communities, or by the possession of traits absent in the local community [22]. On the other hand, phylogenetic relatedness between invaders and the indigenous community will lead to competition for available resources that can jeopardize the establishment of the invading strain, or induce significant alterations in the structure and composition of the indigenous community [7,[23][24][25][26]. This has been observed in AMF-inoculated fields, where the introduced AMF failed to establish in the fields with highly diverse indigenous AMF communities [23].…”

Section: Fundamental Ecological Processes Driving Community Dynamics ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high density of the invading AMF could also enhance success of invasion [26]. However, the effects of selection on invading species are usually temporal, as shown in many field trials where the invading AMF have been suppressed or eliminated in plant roots after long period of time [7,24,25]. The effects of selection on invading species can also be spatiotemporal due to the adaptation of the indigenous AMF community to the local conditions or coevolution with the native plant community.…”

Section: Fundamental Ecological Processes Driving Community Dynamics ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Commercial Inoculation Promote Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Invasion?

Basiru

Hijri

2022

Microorganisms

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Interventions with commercial inoculants have the potential to reduce the environmental footprint of agriculture, but their indiscriminate deployment has raised questions on the unintended consequences of microbial invasion. In the absence of explicit empirical reports on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) invasion, we examine the present framework used to define AMF invasion and offer perspectives on the steps needed to avoid the negative impacts of AMF invasion. Although commercial AMF isolates are potential invaders, invasions do not always constitute negative impacts on native community diversity and functions. Instead, the fates of the invading and resident communities are determined by ecological processes such as selection, drift, dispersal, and speciation. Nevertheless, we recommend strategies that reduce overdependence on introduced inoculants, such as adoption management practices that promote the diversity and richness of indigenous AMF communities, and the development of native propagules as a supplement to commercial AMF in applicable areas. Policies and regulations that monitor inoculant value chains from production to application must be put in place to check inoculant quality and composition, as well as the transport of inoculants between geographically distant regions.

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Section: Fundamental Ecological Processes Driving Community Dynamics ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fundamental Ecological Processes Driving Community Dynamics ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Commercial Inoculation Promote Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Invasion?

Basiru

Hijri

2022

Microorganisms

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“…AMF community composition is known to vary across local to regional and continental scales (Öpik et al 2013;Davison et al 2016). Such spatial patterns may result from environmental heterogeneity due to differences in soil and vegetation, either natural or because of human management, and from dispersal limitation of propagules of different AMF taxa (Wolfe et al 2007;Paz et al 2021;Xu et al 2014). Yet, especially in Africa, there is a paucity of information on local and regional patterns of AMF community composition, particularly in important crop species such as cassava.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability and environmental drivers of cassava—arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) associations across Southern Nigeria

et al. 2022

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Cassava, forming starch-rich, tuberous roots, is an important staple crop in smallholder farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Its relatively good tolerance to drought and nutrient-poor soils may be partly attributed to the crop’s association with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF). Yet insights into AMF-community composition and richness of cassava, and knowledge of its environmental drivers are still limited. Here, we sampled 60 cassava fields across three major cassava-growing agro-ecological zones in Nigeria and used a DNA meta-barcoding approach to quantify large-scale spatial variation and evaluate the effects of soil characteristics and common agricultural practices on AMF community composition, richness and Shannon diversity. We identified 515 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs), dominated by Glomus, with large variation across agro-ecological zones, and with soil pH explaining most of the variation in AMF community composition. High levels of soil available phosphorus reduced OTU richness without affecting Shannon diversity. Long fallow periods (> 5 years) reduced AMF richness compared with short fallows, whereas both zero tillage and tractor tillage reduced AMF diversity compared with hoe tillage. This study reveals that the symbiotic relationship between cassava and AMF is strongly influenced by soil characteristics and agricultural management and that it is possible to adjust cassava cultivation practices to modify AMF diversity and community structure. Graphical abstract

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“…Indeed, ectomycorrhizal fungi show strong biogeographic structure at continental scales [28,29], while dispersal limitation may be weaker for AM fungi at global [30] and regional scales [31]. Data on wind dispersal of AM fungi are mixed [32], while animals have been shown to act as dispersal vectors for AM fungi [33][34][35]. In sparsely vegetated deserts with low densities of both host plants and vector animals, dispersal may not be effective and thus, AM fungal occurrence in desert landscapes may be patchy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in the Soils of Desert Habitats

et al. 2021

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Deserts cover a significant proportion of the Earth’s surface and continue to expand as a consequence of climate change. Mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are functionally important plant root symbionts, and may be particularly important in drought stressed systems such as deserts. Here we provide a first molecular characterization of the AM fungi occurring in several desert ecosystems worldwide. We sequenced AM fungal DNA from soil samples collected from deserts in six different regions of the globe using the primer pair WANDA-AML2 with Illumina MiSeq. We recorded altogether 50 AM fungal phylotypes. Glomeraceae was the most common family, while Claroideoglomeraceae, Diversisporaceae and Acaulosporaceae were represented with lower frequency and abundance. The most diverse site, with 35 virtual taxa (VT), was in the Israeli Negev desert. Sites representing harsh conditions yielded relatively few reads and low richness estimates, for example, a Saudi Arabian desert site where only three Diversispora VT were recorded. The AM fungal taxa recorded in the desert soils are mostly geographically and ecologically widespread. However, in four sites out of six, communities comprised more desert-affiliated taxa (according to the MaarjAM database) than expected at random. AM fungal VT present in samples were phylogenetically clustered compared with the global taxon pool, suggesting that nonrandom assembly processes, notably habitat filtering, may have shaped desert fungal assemblages.

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Dispersal of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Evidence and Insights for Ecological Studies

Cited by 32 publications

References 88 publications

Does Commercial Inoculation Promote Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Invasion?

Does Commercial Inoculation Promote Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Invasion?

Spatial variability and environmental drivers of cassava—arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) associations across Southern Nigeria

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in the Soils of Desert Habitats

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