Dispersal-Dormancy Relationships in Annual Plants: Putting Model Predictions to the Test

Siewert, Wolfgang; Tielbӧrger, Katja

doi:10.1086/656271

Cited by 58 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These studies highlight the absence of seed movement from the bare interpatch areas to the vegetation patches in combination with a low seed trapping capacity by the vegetation (Aerts et al, 2006) or with short dispersal distances relative to the pattern of spatial heterogeneity (Venable et al, 2008;Emmerson et al, 2010Emmerson et al, , 2012. The authors concluded that successful recruitment of the species used in these experiments could not rely on seed transport by runoff but depended on other mechanisms such as primary dispersal (Aerts et al, 2006) or the temporal delay of germination (Venable et al, 2008;Siewert and Tielborger, 2010).…”

Section: Seed Removal By Runoff Influences the Origin Spatial Pattermentioning

confidence: 90%

The fate of seeds in the soil: a review of the influence of overland flow on seed removal and its consequences for the vegetation of arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems

Bochet

2015

SOIL

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Abstract. Since seeds are the principle means by which plants move across the landscape, the final fate of seeds plays a fundamental role in the assemblage, functioning and dynamics of plant communities. Once seeds land on the soil surface after being dispersed from the parent plant, they can be moved horizontally by surface runoff. In arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems, where seeds are scattered into a very heterogeneous environment and intense rainfalls occur, the transport of seeds by runoff to new sites may be an opportunity for seeds to reach more favourable sites for seed germination and seedling survival. Although seed transport by runoff may be of vital importance for the recruitment of plants in these ecosystems, it has received little attention in the scientific literature, especially among soil scientists. The main goals of this review paper are (1) to offer an updated conceptual model of seed fate with a focus on seed destiny in and on the soil; (2) to review studies on seed fate in overland flow and the ecological implications seed transport by runoff has for the origin, spatial patterning and maintenance of patches in arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems; and finally (3) to point out directions for future research.This review shows that seed fate in overland flow may result either in the export of seeds from the system (seed loss) or in the spatial redistribution of seeds within the system through short-distance seed movements (seed displacement). Seed transport by runoff depends on rainfall, slope and soil characteristics. Susceptibility of seed removal varies highly between species and is mainly related to seed traits, including seed size, seed shape, presence of appendages, and ability of a seed to secrete mucilage. Although initially considered as a risk of seed loss, seed removal by runoff has recently been described as an ecological driver that shapes plant composition from the first phases of the plant life by favouring species with seeds able to resist erosion and by selecting for plant traits that prevent seed loss. Moreover, the interaction of seed transport by overland flow with the high seed trapping capacity of vegetated patches results in a "patch-to-patch" transport of seeds that plays a relevant role in vegetation establishment and patterning in arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems.Overall, this review shows how the knowledge about seed fate in overland flow can be used to explain a number of important characteristics of whole plant communities. It also underlines important gaps in knowledge that should be filled in. Future lines of research are proposed in order to broaden our understanding of the origin, maintenance and dynamics of patchiness in arid and semiarid ecosystems and to improve restoration success of intensively eroded ecosystems. Among the most exciting challenges, empirical studies are needed to understand the relevance of short-distance seed displacements in the origin and maintenance of patchiness, addressing the feedbacks between structure and function and abiotic a...

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Section: Seed Removal By Runoff Influences the Origin Spatial Pattermentioning

confidence: 90%

The fate of seeds in the soil: a review of the influence of overland flow on seed removal and its consequences for the vegetation of arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems

Bochet

2015

SOIL

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“…The distance among plots was chosen as to largely exceed distances over which plant roots can grow, such that possible interactions were mostly with the naturally surrounding plant community (Ariza and Tielbo¨rger 2011). Soil removed from each site was pooled together and homogenized because small-scale heterogeneity in soil seed bank and plant abundance is substantial (Siewert and Tielbo¨rger 2010;M. Sternberg, personal communication) and may mask subtle treatment effects.…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating the role of biotic interactions and climate in determining adaptive response of plants to climate change

Tomiolo

Putten

Tielbӧrger

2015

Ecology

Self Cite

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Abstract. Altered rainfall regimes will greatly affect the response of plant species to climate change. However, little is known about how direct effects of changing precipitation on plant performance may depend on other abiotic factors and biotic interactions. We used reciprocal transplants between climatically very different sites with simultaneous manipulation of soil, plant population origin, and neighbor conditions to evaluate local adaptation and possible adaptive response of four Eastern Mediterranean annual plant species to climate change. The effect of site on plant performance was negligible, but soil origin had a strong effect on fecundity, most likely due to differential water retaining ability. Competition by neighbors strongly reduced fitness.We separated the effects of the abiotic and biotic soil properties on plant performance by repeating the field experiment in a greenhouse under homogenous environmental conditions and including a soil biota manipulation treatment. As in the field, plant performance differed among soil origins and neighbor treatments. Moreover, we found plant species-specific responses to soil biota that may be best explained by the differential sensitivity to negative and positive soil biota effects. Overall, under the conditions of our experiment with two contrasting sites, biotic interactions had a strong effect on plant fitness that interacted with and eventually overrode climate. Because climate and biotic interactions covary, reciprocal transplants and climate gradient studies should consider soil biotic interactions and abiotic conditions when evaluating climate change effects on plant performance.

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“…As risk-reducing strategies, can seed dormancy and dispersal substitute for one another so that selection for one may weaken selection for the other? Theoretical expectations support such a trade-off or a negative covariation (reviewed in [62]), but empirical evidence is inconsistent (there are reports on complicated patterns or no relationship, e.g., [65]). …”

Section: Seed Dispersal In Time and Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of the Environment in Plant Life-History Trade-offs

Liu¹,

Walck²,

El‐Kassaby³

2017

Advances in Seed Biology

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Variation in plant life-history and functional traits at between-and within-species levels has key ecological consequences, in which environmental settings impose strong selective pressures and play a vital role throughout life cycles. Our general notion for plant life-history strategies may be that, relative to tall, long-lived plants, short-lived species have features of small stature, small-seededness, rapid growth, and low seedling survival (k-versus r-selection). Rate of evolution may be an important agent of selection and annals evolve more rapidly than perennial congeners. These empirical observations prompt a suite of enticing questions, such as how do life-history traits interplay with functional trait at late stages of regeneration? what are the primary trade-offs in a cohort of key life-history traits that may have undergone stabilizing selection? and how do environmental filters differently affect adaptive trait variation in annuals and perennials? In this chapter, we intend to address aforementioned questions via assembling our updated knowledge with emphasis on seed mass and temporal and spatial dimensions of seed dispersal. Through such synthesis, we wish to raise awareness about life-history trade-offs and provide a holistic understanding of the extent to which climate change is likely to impact plant adaptation and eco-evolutionary trajectories of life-history phenotypes.

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Dispersal-Dormancy Relationships in Annual Plants: Putting Model Predictions to the Test

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

The fate of seeds in the soil: a review of the influence of overland flow on seed removal and its consequences for the vegetation of arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems

The fate of seeds in the soil: a review of the influence of overland flow on seed removal and its consequences for the vegetation of arid and semiarid patchy ecosystems

Separating the role of biotic interactions and climate in determining adaptive response of plants to climate change

Roles of the Environment in Plant Life-History Trade-offs

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