Disparities in self-reported exposure to tobacco marketing among youth and young adults from low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in Mexico City

Race by Education Intersectional Differences in Exposure to Tobacco Advertisement in Baltimore City

“…Barbeau et al found that fewer tobacco advertisements were located in higher socioeconomic communities, compared to the lower socioeconomic communities with three times as many brand advertisements as youth access signs in the lower socioeconomic communities 19 . Another study by Nian et al showed a higher level of targeting of individuals from low-SES neighborhoods by tobacco industry through several advertising channels 20 . Other studies have reported varying levels of tobacco advertising exposure and related tobacco use behavior by socioeconomic status 21 , 22 .…”

“…Pointof-sale advertisements, corner stores, and gas station promotions have been shown to disproportionately target and expose Black communities to tobacco advertising. The tobacco industry has systematically and selectively targeted people of color, people with lower socioeconomic status, education, sexual minority groups and youth over the years [25][26][27] with a resultant increase in tobacco use by the targeted populations in the target communities 20 . A literature review by Cruz et al identified more studies of pro-tobacco marketing with planned efforts to increase tobacco use, such as greater density of tobacco billboards or promotions in retail outlets, in predominantly Black communities compared to studies on anti-tobacco campaigns 28 .…”