Disparities and Mitigation Behavior during COVID-19

Wozniak, Abigail

doi:10.21034/iwp.32

“…Severe obesity -and, to a lesser extent, cancer -also consistently have a large impact on the vulnerability index at all ages. In early adulthood (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44),…”

Section: Relative Vulnerability Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these tasks, population-representative estimates are essential. While we focus on disparities in preexisting health conditions and their implications for vulnerability to severe complications, our work is a complement to studies of disparities in exposure to the coronavirus (25)(26)(27) and in inequities in health care (24,28,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from COVID-19 in the United States

Wiemers

¹

,

Abrahams

²

,

AlFakhri

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper provides the first nationally representative estimates of vulnerability to severe complications from COVID-19 overall and across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status. We use the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine the prevalence of specific health conditions associated with complications from COVID-19 and to calculate, for each individual, an index of the risk of severe complications from respiratory infections developed by DeCaprio et al. (2020). We show large disparities across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the prevalence of conditions which are associated with the risk of severe complications from COVID-19. Moreover, we show that these disparities emerge early in life, prior to age 65, leading to higher vulnerability to such complications. While vulnerability is highest among older adults regardless of their race-ethnicity or socioeconomic status, our results suggest particular attention should also be given to the risk of adverse outcomes in midlife for non-Hispanic Blacks, adults with a high school degree or less, and low-income Americans.

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“…For these tasks, population-representative estimates are essential. While we focus on disparities in preexisting health conditions and their implications for vulnerability to severe complications, our work is a complement to studies of disparities in exposure to the coronavirus (25)(26)(27) and in inequities in health care (24,28,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from COVID-19 in the United States

Wiemers

¹

,

Abrahams

²

,

AlFakhri

³

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper provides the first nationally representative estimates of vulnerability to severe complications from COVID-19 overall and across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status. We use the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine the prevalence of specific health conditions associated with complications from COVID-19 and to calculate, for each individual, an index of the risk of severe complications from respiratory infections developed by DeCaprio et al. (2020). We show large disparities across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the prevalence of conditions which are associated with the risk of severe complications from COVID-19. Moreover, we show that these disparities emerge early in life, prior to age 65, leading to higher vulnerability to such complications. While vulnerability is highest among older adults regardless of their race-ethnicity or socioeconomic status, our results suggest particular attention should also be given to the risk of adverse outcomes in midlife for non-Hispanic Blacks, adults with a high school degree or less, and low-income Americans.

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“…1 Several CIS questions were taken from prior national surveys including the American Community Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, and Current Population Survey. 2 CIS data for samples of adults aged 18 and older were collected between late April and early June 2020. NORC provided sampling weights.…”

Section: Methods and Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mitigation Behavior among US Adults

Lemke

¹

,

Lemke

²

2020

Preprint

0

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In January 2020, the US declared the coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency and subsequently the CDC issued guidelines for personal mitigation behavior, such as mask-wearing, hand-washing, and social-distancing. We examine individual socio-economic factors that potentially predict mitigation compliance using public data. We hypothesize that health risk factors, presence of symptoms, and psychological wellbeing predict mitigation behavior. Understanding what factors are associated with mitigation behavior will be important for policy makers in their efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic prompted strong mitigation behavior by adults, especially among females, non-whites, urban dwellers, and the psychological unwell. Other positive predictors were post-secondary education and higher income. Health symptoms and clinical risk factors did not predict increased mitigation practices, nor did age 65+ and proximity to infected persons. Our study findings are congruent with a report that pointed to a lack of increased pandemic mitigation practices in households with confirmed infections and health risks. Our results also point to lower levels of psychological resilience, lower socio-economic status, and non-urban location as potential explanatory factors for lack of mitigation behavior.

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Disparities and Mitigation Behavior during COVID-19

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from COVID-19 in the United States

Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from COVID-19 in the United States

Disparities in Vulnerability to Severe Complications from COVID-19 in the United States

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mitigation Behavior among US Adults

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