Disparidades étnico-raciais em saúde autoavaliada: análise multinível de 2.697 indivíduos residentes em 145 municípios brasileiros

Filho, Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto; Laurenti, Ruy

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00139012

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In that number, there was a predominance of migrants who did not have good relationships with the family (80.0%) and only a few declared receiving a salary through a employment bond (22.7%). About 83.8% affirmed they used PAS, specially alcohol (9) , which validates the description of the users in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Night beds in psychosocial attention care centers for alcohol and drugs: analysis and characterization

et al. 2018

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Objective: To analyze and characterize the use of night beds in a Psychosocial Attention Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas – CAPS ad). Method: It is a quantitative, documental, descriptive and retrospective study. Data were gathered from 565 medical records. An analysis of continuous variables was performed. Results: When admitted to the beds, most users (87.6%) consumed multiple substances daily and were vulnerable, specially in street situation (68.3%). These users were admitted on an average of two times, undergoing a previous evaluation by the nurse (85.8%), usually for detoxication or due to the vulnerable condition. They stayed in the center for an average of seven days and 31.1% did not finish what was proposed. For a few cases, hospital support was needed. Overall, discharges were planned, but the return happened without booking. Conclusion: Social issues cut through the use of night beds, however, it is a therapeutic resource that meets significant demands and is present in the daily lives of vulnerable users as a comprehensive care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The lack of epidemiologic information about this item is wellknown in the health area and its collection is still disputed and stigmatized by professionals. However, data point out significant differences among races regarding the prevalence and incidence of substance use (9) , which makes this evaluation necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Night beds in psychosocial attention care centers for alcohol and drugs: analysis and characterization

et al. 2018

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“…As was noted in a study by Chiavegatto-Filho and Laurenti [ 24 ], the inequalities in TB indicators between black patients and other patients can be explained by the more precarious living conditions among the black population, which include lower incomes and more limited access to health services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…It is also noteworthy that sputum culture occurred most frequently in the Central-West region of the country. According to recent studies, [ 24 , 26 ], the laboratory services for the diagnosis of TB in the indigenous population in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, which is home to the 2nd-largest indigenous population contingent in Brazil, have been improving for at least a decade. This could partly explain our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic and Racial Inequalities in Notified Cases of Tuberculosis in Brazil

2016

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ObjectiveThis study analysed clinical and sociodemographic aspects and follow-up for notified cases of tuberculosis (TB) and explored inequalities in incidence rates and outcome by colour or race and the geographic macro-regions of Brazil.MethodsThis paper reports the results of a population-based descriptive epidemiological study of all notified cases of TB in Brazil during the period from 01/01/2008 to 31/12/2011. We analysed sociodemographic and clinical variables according to colour or race (white, black, Asian, mixed, and indigenous) and geographic macro-regions of the country (North, Northeast, Central-West, South, and Southeast).ResultsDuring the study period, the average incidence of TB in Brazil was 36.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with the highest rates occurring in the North and Southeast regions. The analysis of TB notifications by colour or race revealed that the indigenous population presented the highest incidence rates in all macro-regions except the South, where higher rates were reported in black patients. ‘Cured’ was the most frequently reported treatment outcome for all skin colour categories. The highest cure rate occurred among the indigenous population (76.8%), while the lowest cure rate occurred among the black population (70.7%). Rates of treatment default were highest among blacks (10.5%) and lowest among the indigenous population (6.9%). However, the fatality rate was similar across race categories, varying between 2.8% and 3.8% for whites and the indigenous population, respectively. The lowest cure rates were observed when follow-up was inadequate (58.3%), and the highest was observed when the follow-up was classified as excellent (96.8%).ConclusionsThis study revealed that—apart from the heterogeneous distribution of TB among the Brazilian macro-regions—ethnic-racial inequalities exist in terms of clinical-epidemiological characteristics and incidence rates as well as follow-up for cases undergoing treatment. The highest rates of TB occurred among the indigenous people.

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“…tuberculosis infection greater than other racial backgrounds 59 . Although the mechanism underlying this association has not been fully elucidated, it may be attributed to environmental factors, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions 60 , 61 , and genetic factors 62 , 63 . Black skin can impair vitamin D synthesis from UVB exposure, but notably, vitamin D status was found to be an independent risk factor for active TB when controlling for race in the case-control study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin D levels and risk of prevalent tuberculosis, incident tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test conversion among prisoners

Maceda

Gonçalves

Andrews

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Poor vitamin D status has been associated with tuberculosis (TB); whether poor status is cause or consequence of disease is uncertain. We conducted a case-control study and two nested case-control studies to determine whether vitamin D levels were associated with active TB, tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion, and risk of progression to the active TB in prisoners in Brazil. In multivariable conditional logistic regression, subnormal vitamin D levels (OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 1.04-13.64) were more likely in prisoners with active TB. In contrast, vitamin D was not found to be a risk factor for either TST conversion ( Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem, causing approximately 1.4 million deaths annually 1 . The World Health Organization estimates that one-third of the world's population has latent TB 1 , of which approximately 10% will develop active disease 2 . Understanding which individuals will progress to TB and which will maintain lifelong immune control or achieve clearance, remains an important scientific question with substantial public health implications. This high-risk group also provides the opportunity to examine host factors that currently lack complete understanding in the disease pathway for active TB.One of the prominent host factors that has been implicated in TB risk is vitamin D levels 3 . Nutritional deficiency, low exposure to sunlight due to spending only short periods of time outdoors, and seasonal changes resulting in reduced ultraviolet radiation type B (UVB) may be associated with subnormal vitamin D levels 4 . Vitamin D levels of <30 ng/ml, which are characterized clinically as either insufficient (29-20 ng/ml) or deficient (<20 ng/ml). Vitamin D is composed of a group of secosteroid molecules that are predominantly synthesized

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Disparidades étnico-raciais em saúde autoavaliada: análise multinível de 2.697 indivíduos residentes em 145 municípios brasileiros

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Night beds in psychosocial attention care centers for alcohol and drugs: analysis and characterization

Night beds in psychosocial attention care centers for alcohol and drugs: analysis and characterization

Ethnic and Racial Inequalities in Notified Cases of Tuberculosis in Brazil

Serum vitamin D levels and risk of prevalent tuberculosis, incident tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test conversion among prisoners

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