Disorders of the Pelvic Limb: Diagnosis and Treatment

Lotsikas, Peter J.; Canapp, Sherman O.; Dyce, Jonathan; Kirkby, Kristin A.; Christopher, Scott A.; Ridge, Patrick

doi:10.1002/9781118783443.ch14

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Stance analysis and weight-bearing distribution have been reported as sensitive for detecting lameness in dogs, with better results in large breed dogs [26]. Muscular atrophy is a consistent finding in OA patients and may be evident within a few weeks [10,14,16,27]. The evaluation of the joint range of motion (ROM) can also be performed, including flexion and extension [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of clinical and radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritis in contralateral hip joints of fifty working dogs

Alves

Santos²,

Jorge³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Objective This study aimed to compare the symmetry of clinical and radiographic signs of right and left pelvic limbs of dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis (OA) and evaluate the association of physical findings and radiographic abnormalities. Patients and methods One hundred pelvic limbs of police working dogs with bilateral hip OA were evaluated, following a screening program. Weight distribution, joint range of motion at flexion and extension, thigh girth, and radiographic signs were recorded and compared with the results of the contralateral limb and by breed, age, and sex with the Paired Samples T-Test and Pearson correlation coefficient, with p<0.05. Results The sample mean age was 6.5±2.2 years, and the bodyweight of 26.7±5.3kg. No significant differences were observed when comparing weight distribution, joint range of motion, and thigh girth of left and right limbs. Weight distribution and age showed a statistically significant correlation with joint extension. The right limbs showed a significantly higher frequency of circumferential femoral head osteophyte (CFHO) regarding radiographic signs. Limbs with CFHO or caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte had significantly larger joint flexion angle (p = 0.02) and smaller extension angle (p<0.01), respectively, compared to those that did not. Age showed a significant correlation with the presence of several radiographic findings, as did different breeds. Conclusion Clinical and radiographic signs occur symmetrically in naturally occurring hip OA in police working dogs. Several correlations were observed between the evaluations performed and differences between breeds, which can be useful in assessing and early diagnosis of hip OA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of clinical and radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritis in contralateral hip joints of fifty working dogs

Alves

Santos²,

Jorge³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Pedometry is a simple and inexpensive method to assess mobility levels, which can measure ambulatory activity with an acceptable level of accuracy [33]. Additional clinical measurements include the examination of muscle masses and evaluation of the joint range of motion, which are consistently reduced and restricted in OA patients [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The intra-articular administration of triamcinolone hexacetonide in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Its effects in a naturally occurring canine osteoarthritis model

Alves

Santos²,

Jorge³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Objective To evaluate the effect of an intra-articular (IA) administration of triamcinolone hexacetonide, compared with saline. Patients and methods Forty (N = 40) hip joints were randomly assigned to a treatment group (THG, n = 20, receiving IA triamcinolone hexacetonide) and a control group (CG, n = 20, receiving IA saline). On treatment day (T0), and at 8, 15, 30, 90 and 180 days post-treatment, weight distribution, joint range of motion, thigh girth, digital thermography, radiographic signs, synovial fluid interleukin-1 and C-reactive protein levels were evaluated. Data from four Clinical Metrology Instruments was also gathered. Results were compared Repeated Measures ANOVA, with a Huynh-Feldt correction, Paired Samples T-Test or Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. A Kaplan-Meier test was performed to compare both groups, with p<0.05. Results Joints were graded as mild (65%), moderate (20%) and severe (15%). Patients of both sexes, with a mean age of 6.5±2.4 years and bodyweight of 26.7±5.2kg, were included. No differences were found between groups at T0. Comparing THG to CG, weight distribution showed significant improvements in THG from 8 (p = 0.05) up to 90 days (p = 0.01). THG showed lower values during thermographic evaluation in the Lt view (p<0.01). Pain and function scores also improved from 30 to 180 days. Increasing body weight, age, and presence of caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte corresponded to worse response to treatment. Results of the Kaplan Meier test showed significant differences between groups, with THG performing better considering several evaluations and scores. Conclusion THG recorded significant improvements in weight-bearing and in with the considered CMIs, particularly pain scores. Lower thermographic values were registered in THG up to the last evaluation day. Age, sex, and radiographic findings did significantly influenced response to treatment.

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“…Orthopedic examination reveals pain during hindlimb extension and simultaneous internal or external rotation of the hip joint or during manual pressure on the tendon insertion at the level of the lesser trochanter [8,9]. The induced pain is generally very evident, abrupt, and severe [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational Study on Lameness Recovery in 10 Dogs Affected by Iliopsoas Injury and Submitted to a Physiotherapeutic Approach

Spinella

Davoli

Musella

et al. 2021

Animals

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This preliminary study has investigated the outcome of physiotherapy in 10 dogs affected by a primary lesion of the iliopsoas muscle and the potential effects of sex, age, and breed on recovery. Ten dogs with primary injury of the iliopsoas muscle were retrospectively included in this study. Dogs were submitted to a rehabilitation program, characterized by a multimodal approach, including physical therapies and modalities. After recovery, patients were submitted to a further support period of rehabilitation to promote muscle strengthening and limit injury recurrence during their return to normal functional and sports activity. Border collies were highly represented. The recovery of lameness occurred after a mean of 22.6 ± 14.7 (median 18) days with a median number of five sessions. None of the examined variables affected the recovery time, except for the border collie breed, which showed a significantly faster recovery time; however, there was no difference between the breeds with regard to the number of sessions. Multimodal rehabilitation therapy may promote lameness recovery of mild-to-moderate iliopsoas lesions within 3 weeks. This preliminary study reports a clinical approach and recovery of primary iliopsoas lesions, findings that can provide clinicians with useful prognostic information for dogs involved in sports activities.

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Disorders of the Pelvic Limb: Diagnosis and Treatment

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Comparison of clinical and radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritis in contralateral hip joints of fifty working dogs

Comparison of clinical and radiographic signs of hip osteoarthritis in contralateral hip joints of fifty working dogs

The intra-articular administration of triamcinolone hexacetonide in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Its effects in a naturally occurring canine osteoarthritis model

Observational Study on Lameness Recovery in 10 Dogs Affected by Iliopsoas Injury and Submitted to a Physiotherapeutic Approach

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