Disorders of the Ovary

Johnson, Aime K.

doi:10.1079/9781789247107.0013

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other possibilities include an adrenal tumour and exogenous exposure to hormones (Verstegen & Onclin, 2008;Wallace, 1991). The predominance of superficial cells on serial vaginal cytology after the bitch presented again with the vulvar discharge was consistent with oestrogenic stimulation (Johnston et al, 2001). The history of topical oestrogen cream application by the family member and prolonged close contact of the bitch with the person suggested a high likelihood of the exogenous oestrogen exposure as a cause of the clinical presentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a spayed Weimaraner bitch

Ivaldi

Ogdon

Khan

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective This report documents a rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a large‐breed dog. Case description A 4‐year‐old spayed Weimaraner bitch was presented for evaluation of inappetence and intermittent sanguineous vulvar discharge. Physical examination, vaginal cytology, haematological, and ultrasonographic findings were indicative of a uterine stump pyometra. A celiotomy was performed, and the uterine stump appeared grossly cystic and thickened. Histopathological evaluation of the removed uterine stump and ovarian pedicles revealed cystic endometrial hyperplasia and no ovarian tissue. Fifteen days after surgery, the patient presented again with a sanguineous vulvar discharge. Vaginal cytology revealed predominantly superficial cells, indicating oestrogen influence. Further questioning of the owner revealed the long‐term use of a topical oestrogen cream by a member of the household. Serial examinations were performed, and the cytology remained uniform, with predominantly superficial cells, indicating continued oestrogen influence. Progesterone and anti‐Müllerian hormone tests were negative, which made the presence of ectopic ovarian tissue unlikely. These results coupled with the history of topical oestrogen cream use in the household suggested that the patient's clinical signs were most likely due to exogenous oestrogen exposure. After the owner implemented various recommendations made to prevent the exposure, the clinical signs resolved completely. Conclusions This case demonstrates that although rare, exogenous oestrogen exposure can be a cause of vulvar discharge in a large‐breed spayed bitch. Therefore, regardless of the breed, exogenous oestrogen exposure must be included in the list of differential diagnoses for all clinical presentations associated with oestrogenic influence in dogs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a spayed Weimaraner bitch

Ivaldi

Ogdon

Khan

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is defined as the presence of functional gonadal tissue in a bitch or queen that had undergone a previous ovariectomy or ovariohysterectomy (OHE). 1,2 Clinical presentations of ORS include: mammary gland enlargement or masses, pollakiuria and stranguria, vulvar or vaginal masses, polyuria and polydipsia, recurrent urinary tract infection, and vaginal discharge and pseudopregnancy. 3,4 Presence of functional ovarian remnant tissue is most often the result of incomplete surgical removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,13 The mean time to recurrence of estrous behavior following spay is reportedly 1.3 years in dogs and 3 years in cats. 1,3,4 Most commonly reported clinical signs are associated with proestrus and estrous signs. 3 Vaginal discharge may or may not be present depending on the amount of uterine stump left at OHE; other differentials for vaginal discharge such as coagulopathies, vaginitis, trauma, vaginal neoplasia, and vaginal foreign bodies should be ruled out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Diagnosis of ORS can be presumptive based on clinical signs or supported by ancillary testing such as, vaginal cytology, measuring estradiol and progesterone concentrations (before and after stimulation with gonadotropin releasing hormone [GnRH] or human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG]) or luteinizing hormone (LH) or anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) or via ultrasonography. 1,3,9,11,14 Vaginal cytology (based on abundance of superficial epithelial cells) is the cheapest and fastest method for presumptive diagnosis of ORS in dogs and cats presenting with proestrus or estrus clinical signs. 1,4 Vaginal cytology results are useful to determine the presence of functional ovarian tissue and endogenous estrogen secretions; however, exogenous and adrenal estrogen exposure should be ruled out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,9,11,14 Vaginal cytology (based on abundance of superficial epithelial cells) is the cheapest and fastest method for presumptive diagnosis of ORS in dogs and cats presenting with proestrus or estrus clinical signs. 1,4 Vaginal cytology results are useful to determine the presence of functional ovarian tissue and endogenous estrogen secretions; however, exogenous and adrenal estrogen exposure should be ruled out. 15 Additionally, vaginal cytology in cat presents both a challenge to obtain and to interpret.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ovarian remnant syndrome in small animals: case series

Mullikin¹,

Byron

Chen

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our objective was to report the utility of various diagnostic tests in identifying ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) in dogs and cats. Medical records from 2 referral teaching hospitals (Health Sciences Centre at the Ontario Veterinary College and Cornell University Hospital for Animals) were examined and 48 animals (31 dogs and 17 cats) were chosen. Data included were based on sufficient clinical or diagnostic evidence of ORS. Histopathology was used as the confirmatory test for ORS. There was no difference between the proportions of dogs versus cats diagnosed with ORS. Similarly, there was no difference in the proportions of ovarian remnants (OR) between large, medium, or small dogs, or the side (right, left, or bilateral) in which OR was diagnosed. Vaginal cytology and transabdominal ultrasonography findings, and serum progesterone concentrations had the highest chance of correctly identifying an OR prior to exploratory surgery. Transabdominal ultrasonography had strong agreement with OR location identified at surgery. Presumptive intraoperative diagnosis of OR was possible in 39/41 cases (95.1%). Auxiliary diagnostic testing should be recommended to confirm functional ovarian tissue before surgery to reduce unnecessary surgery. Additionally, transabdominal ultrasonography examination may reduce surgical time since ovarian remnant location has strong agreement with surgical findings.

show abstract

Disorders of the Ovary

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

A rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a spayed Weimaraner bitch

A rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a spayed Weimaraner bitch

Ovarian remnant syndrome in small animals: case series

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About