Disorders of Skin Microbiota and Formation of Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Abstract

The review presents the special significance of changes in the intestinal and skin microbiota in the formation of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. AD is considered as a form of allergic pathology directly related to the state and quality of the microbiota of a growing organism. The microbiota of the skin of patients with AD is characterized by a small species diversity of bacteria; a decrease in the number of actinomycetes and proteobacteria; increased colonization of various types of staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, etc). The relationship between the rate of development of AD and violations of the microbiota of the skin in children is shown. The necessity of maintaining high biodiversity of the microbiota of a growing organism as a strategy for optimizing the microecology of children through the use of adaptive probiotics in a healthy microenvironment is substantiated. The restoration of the barrier function of the skin and the normalization of the composition and quality of the intestinal microbiota are determined as the most important task of the general concept of the treatment of AD, where new dermatological cosmetics and proper skin care play an important role. The possibilities of normalizing the microbiome of the affected skin areas to restore the skin barrier with the help of dry skin care cosmetics are shown.