Disorders of Nails

Clinical and histological spectrum of nail psoriasis: A cross‐sectional study

“…The M:F ratio of 4:1 observed in this study contrasts with the equal sex distribution reported earlier . This may be due to ethnic or cultural differences accounting for a higher number of males seeking medical attention.…”

“…Also, normal nail bed and matrix lack a granular layer . This study found that despite differing clinical features at the site of nail plate and bed biopsy (subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and crumbling nail plate) hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis was the most common histopathological feature found.…”

Nail biopsy: A user's manual

“…The next essential step after achieving adequate nail unit anesthesia is exsanguination of the digit and application of tourniquet. [ 9 10 11 12 ] This helps in achieving a bloodless operative field, which is essential for an adequate biopsy and can be easily achieved with a gauze strip tourniquet [Figure 3a – e ],[ 13 ] in addition to conventional methods such as the use of Penrose drain, Foley's catheter, or surgical glove (with the tip of the finger to be operated being cut off and rolled back over the base of the digit).…”

Results of Winograd technique (wedge resection of the toenail and nail bed) in ingrown toe nail

“…The risk factors for development of ingrown toenail are improper trimming of nails, tight toe-box of footwear, excessive sweating of feet, or nail abnormalities. 2,3 Diagnosis is clinical, and treatment modality range from conservative to a spectrum of surgical approaches. Various classifications systems have been used to stage the ingrown toenails.…”