Disordered Photonic Time Crystals

Sharabi, Yonatan; Lustig, Eran; Segev, Mordechai

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.163902

Cited by 75 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…[59][60][61][62] In addition to intriguing works in deep-learning photonics, including the design of nanostructures, [24,25,31] metamaterials [27,29,30] and metasurfaces, [33] holography, [32] our study on active photonic functionalities in disordered platforms will provide additional degrees of freedom in the application of deeplearning to light-matter interactions, paving the way to the handling of spatially-complex and dynamical systems. Although we examined one of the optical responses as an example-angular transmittance-the versatile features of the DNNs will enable engineering of not only the other responses (spectral responses, angular momenta, topology) but also their mixtures: the design of active disorder in the intermediate regime, [9] temporal disorder, [63] and disordered topological phenomena. [7] As shown in the analogy between GST-controlled disorder and target control of complex networks, [3] our machine learning strategy can also be extended to other fields beyond wave mechanics, such as the interpretation and design of evolving complex networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine‐Engineered Active Disorder for Digital Photonics

Kim

Park

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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Resolving spatial and temporal complexities in wave–matter interactions is essential for controlling the light behavior inside disordered and nonstationary systems and therefore achieving high capacity devices. Although these complexities have usually been studied separately, a few examples exploiting both degrees of freedom have derived intriguing phenomena such as hyper‐transport in evolving disorder and topological phenomena in synthetic dimensions. Here, engineering active disorder—disordered structures with external modulation—is proposed by employing deep neural networks. A functional regressor and a material evaluator are developed to enable inverse design of active disorder with target wave responses and evaluation of disordered structures according to the wave response controllability, respectively. By machine engineering deep‐subwavelength disorder including a phase change material, functional disorder for light is revealed, which leads to angle‐selective or broadband digital switching. A generative configuration of the neural network utilizing a single wave metric is also developed to realize a family of disordered structures with independent engineering of multiple wave properties, in contrast to the traditional engineering of disorder with a specific order metric. This approach establishes realization of reconfigurable devices by exploiting the spatiotemporal complexity in wave mechanics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine‐Engineered Active Disorder for Digital Photonics

Kim

Park

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…It has been shown for the case s = 2 that such discrete time crystals are robust against external perturbations [50] and quantum fluctuations [50,51] and live for extremely long times [51,52]. Condensed matter phenomena can also be investigated in photonic time crystals [53,54] and phase space crystals [31,33,[55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temporal condensed matter phenomena that have been predicted to date include Mott insulator phases in the time dimension [38]; Anderson localization [34,[38][39][40][41]54] and many-body localization in the time dimension [42]; topologically protected edge states in time [43,53]; quasi-crystal structures in time [44,45]; two-dimensional time lattices supporting a Möbius strip geometry and flat-band physics [49]; and time-space crystals exhibiting a six-dimensional quantum Hall effect [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensed matter physics in big discrete time crystals

Hannaford,

Sacha

2022

Preprint

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We review the application of discrete time crystals created in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ultracold atoms bouncing resonantly on an oscillating atom mirror to the investigation of condensed matter phenomena in the time dimension. Such a bouncing BEC system can exhibit dramatic breaking of time-translation symmetry, allowing the creation of discrete time crystals having up to about 100 temporal lattice sites and suitable for hosting a broad range of temporal condensed matter phenomena. We first consider single-particle condensed matter phenomena in the time dimension which include Anderson localization due to temporal disorder, topological time crystals, and quasi-crystal structures in time. We then discuss many-body temporal condensed matter phenomena including Mott insulator phases in time, manybody localization in time, many-body topological time crystals and time crystals having long-range exotic interactions. We also discuss the construction of two (or three) dimensional time lattices, involving the bouncing of a BEC between two (or three) orthogonal oscillating mirrors and between two oscillating mirrors oriented at 45-degrees. The latter configuration supports a versatile Möbius strip geometry which can host a variety of two-dimensional time lattices including a

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“…A wave arriving at an air/dielectric photonic crystal interface with a frequency associated with the photonic crystal bandgap experiences total reflection because the photonic crystal has no propagating modes that can support such a frequency. In PTCs, on the other hand, because energy is not conserved, waves with wavevectors inside the momentum gap change the energy they carry and exhibit not only exponential decay, but also exponential growth in time ( 8 , 9 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light emission by free electrons in photonic time-crystals

Dikopoltsev

Sharabi

Lyubarov

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Photonic time-crystals (PTCs) are spatially homogeneous media whose electromagnetic susceptibility varies periodically in time, causing temporal reflections and refractions for any wave propagating within the medium. The time-reflected and time-refracted waves interfere, giving rise to Floquet modes with momentum bands separated by momentum gaps (rather than energy bands and energy gaps, as in photonic crystals). Here, we present a study on the emission of radiation by free electrons in PTCs. We show that a free electron moving in a PTC spontaneously emits radiation, and when associated with momentum-gap modes, the electron emission process is exponentially amplified by the modulation of the refractive index. Moreover, under strong electron–photon coupling, the quantum formulation reveals that the spontaneous emission into the PTC bandgap experiences destructive quantum interference with the emission of the electron into the PTC band modes, leading to suppression of the interdependent emission. Free-electron physics in PTCs offers a platform for studying a plethora of exciting phenomena, such as radiating dipoles moving at relativistic speeds and highly efficient quantum interactions with free electrons.

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Disordered Photonic Time Crystals

Cited by 75 publications

References 41 publications

Machine‐Engineered Active Disorder for Digital Photonics

Machine‐Engineered Active Disorder for Digital Photonics

Condensed matter physics in big discrete time crystals

Light emission by free electrons in photonic time-crystals

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