Disordered eating among adolescents: Associations with sexual/physical abuse and other familial/psychosocial factors

Neumark‐Sztainer, Dianne; Story, Mary; Hannan, Peter J.; Beuhring, Trish; Resnick, Michael D.

doi:10.1002/1098-108x(200011)28:3<249::aid-eat1>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 105 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is in line with previous studies that showed distorted eating behaviour in abuse victims [6,7,37,38], which can lead to overweight or underweight and even anorexia nervosa, especially in girls [38-40]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The prevalence of physical, sexual and mental abuse among adolescents and the association with BMI status

et al. 2012

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BackgroundStudies among adults show an association between abuse and Body Mass Index (BMI) status. When an aberrant BMI status as a consequence of abuse is already prevalent in adolescence, early detection and treatment of abuse might prevent these adolescents from developing serious weight problems and other long-term social, emotional and physical problems in adulthood. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of physical, sexual and mental abuse among adolescents and examined the association of these abuse subtypes with BMI status.MethodsIn total, data of 51,856 secondary school students aged 13–16 who had completed a questionnaire on health, well-being and lifestyle were used. BMI was classified into four categories, underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. Adolescents reported if they had ever been physically, sexually or mentally abused. Crude and adjusted General Estimation Equation (GEE) analyses were performed to investigate the association between abuse subtypes and BMI status. Analyses were adjusted for ethnicity and parental communication, and stratified for gender and educational level.ResultsEighteen percent of the adolescents reported mental abuse, 7% reported sexual abuse, and 6% reported physical abuse. For underweight, overweight and obese adolescents these percentages were 17%, 25%, and 44%; 7%, 8%, and 16%; and 6%, 8%, 18% respectively. For the entire population, all these subtypes of abuse were associated with being overweight and obese (OR=3.67, 1.79 and 1.50) and all but sexual abuse were associated with underweight (OR=1.21 and 1.12). Stratified analyses showed that physical and sexual abuse were significantly associated with obesity among boys (OR=1.77 and 2.49) and among vocational school students (OR=1.60 and 1.69), and with underweight among girls (OR=1.26 and 0.83).ConclusionMental abuse was reported by almost half of the obese adolescents and associated with underweight, overweight and obesity. Longitudinal analyses are recommended to explore the causality of and the mechanisms explaining this association between abuse and overweight.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The prevalence of physical, sexual and mental abuse among adolescents and the association with BMI status

et al. 2012

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“…Consistent with other studies (5, 29, 34, 35), sexual-related traumas were the most commonly reported type of trauma in the current sample. However, the diversity of traumas reported by participants underscores the importance of assessing a wide range of traumatic events (5, 11).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Anorexia Nervosa

Reyes‐Rodríguez

Holle

Ulman

et al. 2011

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Objective Comorbidity among eating disorders, traumatic events, and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been reported in several studies. The main objectives of this study were to describe the nature of traumatic events experienced and to explore the relation between PTSD and anorexia nervosa (AN) in a sample of women. Methods Eight hundred twenty-four participants from the National Institutes of Health funded Genetics of Anorexia Nervosa Collaborative Study were assessed for eating disorders, PTSD, and personality characteristics. Results From a final sample of 753 women with AN, 13.7% (n=103) met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. The sample mean age was 29.5 years (SD=11.1). In pairwise comparisons across AN subtypes, the odds of having a PTSD diagnosis were significantly lower in individuals with restricting AN (RAN) than individuals with purging AN without binge eating (PAN) (OR=0.49, 95% CI=0.30, 0.80). The majority of participants with PTSD reported the first traumatic event before the onset of AN (64.1%, n=66). The most common traumatic events reported by those with a PTSD diagnosis were sexual related traumas during childhood (40.8%) and during adulthood (35.0%). Conclusions AN and PTSD do co-occur and traumatic events tend to occur prior to the onset of AN. Clinically, these results underscore the importance of assessing trauma history and PTSD in individuals with AN and raise the question of whether specific modifications or augmentations to standard treatment for AN should be considered in a subgroup to address PTSD-related psychopathology.

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“…A meta-analysis examining the impact of child sexual abuse on mental health outcomes (posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide) concluded that men and women were similarly affected by abuse. 41 Finally, national probability studies demonstrate that males who have been sexually abused were at greatly increased risk for more physical symptoms, [42][43][44] functional impairment, 42 poor subjective health, 43,45 eating disorders, 46,47 substance disorders, 48 and risky behavior. 49 Patients with CP/CPPS compared to controls have been shown to have higher scores for a range of psychological factors including anxiety, somatization, and hypochondriasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Abuse and Symptoms Suggestive of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Results from the Boston Area Community Health Survey

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McNaughton-Collins

et al. 2007

J GEN INTERN MED

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OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of reported sexual, physical, or emotional abuse on the symptoms suggestive of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and to determine the effect of race/ethnicity on these patterns. METHODS:The Boston Area Community Health (BACH) survey used a multi-stage stratified cluster sample to randomly sample 5,506 adults aged 30-79 from the city of Boston. BACH recruited 2,301 men (700 Black, 766 Hispanic, and 835 White). Interviewers administered questions approximating the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (CPSI), and symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS were measured by the definition of perineal and/or ejaculatory pain and CPSI pain score of 4+. Questions about previous abuse were obtained from a validated self-administered questionnaire during the home visit. Logistic regression was used to determine the effect of abuse on the likelihood of a man having symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS. RESULTS:The prevalence of symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS was 6.5%. Men who reported having experienced sexual, physical, or emotional abuse had increased odds (1.7-3.3) for symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS. Previous abuse increased both the pain and urinary scores from the CPSI.CONCLUSION: Symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS are not uncommon in a community-based population of men. For men presenting with symptoms suggestive of CP/CPPS, clinicians may wish to consider screening for abuse.

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Disordered eating among adolescents: Associations with sexual/physical abuse and other familial/psychosocial factors

Cited by 105 publications

References 22 publications

The prevalence of physical, sexual and mental abuse among adolescents and the association with BMI status

The prevalence of physical, sexual and mental abuse among adolescents and the association with BMI status

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Anorexia Nervosa

The Association of Abuse and Symptoms Suggestive of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Results from the Boston Area Community Health Survey

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