Disorder-induced 2D superconductivity in a NbTiN film grown on Si by ultrahigh-vacuum magneton sputtering

Chen, Sheng-Zong; Yang, Jingwei; Peng, Tzu-Yu; Chu, Yu-De; Yeh, Chih Ching; Hu, I-Fan; Mhatre, Swapnil; Lu, Yu; Liang, Chi‐Te

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/ac6631

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Preparation of the NbTiN Film: The detailed description regarding the preparation of the disordered nonstoichiometric 86-nm-thick NbTiN film is given in ref. [41]. In short, the film was deposited on a Si (100) substrate by the RF reactive magnetron co-sputtering from two separate NbN (99.5%) and TiN (99.5%) targets at 800 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of the preparation of the disordered nonstoichiometric 86‐nm‐thick NbTiN film can be found in ref. [ 41 ]. This film is deposited on a Si (100) substrate by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron co‐sputtering from two separate NbN and TiN targets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We benefit from the fact that this NbTiN film has been studied before. [ 41 ] The zero‐temperature coherence length is measured to be (9.53 ± 0.04) nm, which is much shorter than the film thickness 86 nm. [ 41 ] Therefore, we also have a 3D superconductor system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type‐III Superconductivity

et al. 2023

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Superconductivity remains one of most fascinating quantum phenomena existing on a macroscopic scale. Its rich phenomenology is usually described by the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory in terms of the order parameter, representing the macroscopic wave function of the superconducting condensate. The GL theory addresses one of the prime superconducting properties, screening of the electromagnetic field because it becomes massive within a superconductor, the famous Anderson–Higgs mechanism. Here the authors describe another widely‐spread type of superconductivity where the Anderson–Higgs mechanism does not work and must be replaced by the Deser–Jackiw–Templeton topological mass generation and, correspondingly, the GL effective field theory must be replaced by an effective topological gauge theory. These superconductors are inherently inhomogeneous granular superconductors, where electronic granularity is either fundamental or emerging. It is shown that the corresponding superconducting transition is a 3D generalization of the 2D Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless vortex binding–unbinding transition. The binding–unbinding of the line‐like vortices in 3D results in the Vogel‐Fulcher‐Tamman scaling of the resistance near the superconducting transition. The authors report experimental data fully confirming the VFT behavior of the resistance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type‐III Superconductivity

et al. 2023

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“…For instance, experimental studies have shown that an overall reduction in I c is observed as wire lengths increase. , To realize high-performance superconducting devices, − including SNSPDs with high detection efficiency and excellent temporal resolution, niobium-based nitrides are widely used materials . Previous studies have demonstrated that NbTiN, a ternary compound, exhibits considerable disorder that affects properties such as critical temperature ( T c ) and I c . − In addition to microscopic parameters such as film thickness, grain sizes, and point defects, the Nb/Ti ratio can be adjusted to tune the composition of the material, which can have an impact on the superconducting properties and, ultimately, the performance of SNSPDs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing Local Superconductivity of NbTiN Nanowires to Probe Inhomogeneity in Single-Photon Detectors

Chen,

Vedin

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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NbTiN has a high critical temperature (T c ) of up to 17 K, making it a great candidate for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and other applications requiring a bias current close to the depairing current. However, superconducting inhomogeneities are often observed in superconducting thin films, and superconducting inhomogeneities can influence the vortex nucleation barrier and furthermore affect the critical current I c of a superconducting wire. Superconducting inhomogeneities can also result in stochastic variations in the critical current between identical devices, and therefore, it is crucial to have a detailed understanding of inhomogeneities in SNSPDs in order to improve device efficiency. In this study, we utilized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) to investigate the inhomogeneity of superconducting properties in meandered NbTiN nanowires, which are commonly used in SNSPDs. Our findings show that variations in the superconducting gap are strongly correlated with the film thickness. By using time-dependent Ginzburg−Landau simulations and statistical modeling, we explored the implications of the reduction in the critical current and its sample-to-sample variations. Our study suggests that the thickness of NbTiN plays a critical role in achieving homogeneity in superconducting properties.

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“…This approach offers a valuable tool for characterizing and understanding the properties of atomically thin superconducting systems. On the other hand, Chen et al investigated the growth conditions and the properties of niobium titanium nitride films sputtered on silicon substrate [12]. Despite the film being three-dimensional (3D), the authors observe a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition, indicating the presence of hidden two-dimensional (2D) superconducting properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Focus on recent advances in superconducting films

Cayado

Hänisch

Iida

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Superconducting films, their growth, characterization and optimization, are an inevitable part of modern research and development in the fields of superconductivity and solid-state physics in general. Due to their geometry and dimensionality, they offer possibilities for investigations and applications that would not be possible with single crystal or bulk polycrystalline samples. Well-known examples for applications are the functional layers of REBa2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO) in coated conductors, the microelectronic applications such as filters, SQUIDs and bolometers, and the superconducting layers in undulators. The non-equilibrium growth modes in certain deposition techniques offer the possibility to grow metastable phases or superconductors that are difficult to achieve in single crystal growth. The chemical and physical influence of the substrate allow the growth of new superconducting states such as ultra-thin FeSe with Tc's above 60 K or the recently discovered nickelates, as well as the alteration of the superconducting properties by static or dynamic epitaxial strain.The quality of superconducting films and their plenitude in research and applications grew constantly over the last years. This Focus Issue is to collect and show recent advances in the growth, characterisation and application of superconducting films. It may include: -advances in deposition techniques (ALD, CSD, MOCVD PLD, sputtering, etc. -advances in characterisation techniques of structural and electro-magnetic properties -High-Tc cuprate superconductors -Low-Tc superconductors and MgB2 -Fe-based superconductors -ultra-thin films -strain/pressure experiments

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Disorder-induced 2D superconductivity in a NbTiN film grown on Si by ultrahigh-vacuum magneton sputtering

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Type‐III Superconductivity

Type‐III Superconductivity

Visualizing Local Superconductivity of NbTiN Nanowires to Probe Inhomogeneity in Single-Photon Detectors

Focus on recent advances in superconducting films

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