Disorder in ball-milled graphite revealed by Raman spectroscopy

Tan, Xuezhi; Li, Lu Hua; Hou, Liting; Hu, Xiaoping; Zhou, Shaoxiong; Peter, Robert; Petravić, M.; Chen, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.02.029

Cited by 173 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A similar observation was also made by Posudievsky and coworkers synthesizing graphene oxide by a mechanochemical treatment of graphite [37]. Corresponding to the work of Xing and coworkers, who investigated the disorder of graphite caused by mechanochemistry under an inert atmosphere, we assume that the disordering of CB under air is more pronounced and takes already place with shorter milling time of 2 h [38]. This leads to the broadening of the D and G bands.…”

Section: Impact Of Mechanochemical Treatment On the Textural Propertimentioning

confidence: 61%

Mechanochemical Functionalization of Carbon Black at Room Temperature

Leistenschneider

Zürbes

Schneidermann

et al. 2018

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Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon blacks are intrinsically hydrophobic with limited wettability in aqueous media, thus restricting their potential applications. To improve their hydrophilicity, common methods tend to utilize harmful chemicals and conditions, such as a mixture of KMnO 4 and H 2 SO 4 or a complex and expensive synthesis setup. In our work, we report a simple method to improve the wettability of these materials by a mechanochemical treatment completed within 1 h at room-temperature utilizing a NH 3 solution. Besides increasing the specific surface area of the carbon black from 67 m 2 ·g −1 up to 307 m 2 ·g −1 , our process also incorporates nitrogen-and oxygen-containing functional groups into the carbon. This reduces the contact angle from 80 • to 30 • , confirming an enhanced wettability. Our work presents an easy, fast, and straightforward pathway towards the functionalization of carbon nanomaterials and can be of use in various applications where aqueous wettability is advantageous.

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Section: Impact Of Mechanochemical Treatment On the Textural Propertimentioning

confidence: 61%

Mechanochemical Functionalization of Carbon Black at Room Temperature

Leistenschneider

Zürbes

Schneidermann

et al. 2018

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“…The D and G bands in the composite C-2 have much larger FWHMs comparing with those in the composite C-1, which reveals a more disordered in-plane structure. 25,26 For example, the FWHM of the D band is 120 cm -1 for the composite C-2, comparing with only 70 cm -1 in the composite C-1, indicating a much higher degree of in-plane distortion and disordering in the graphitic structure in the composite C-2. For example, the FWHM of the D band is 120 cm -1 for the composite C-2, comparing with only 70 cm -1 in the composite C-1, indicating a much higher degree of in-plane distortion and disordering in the graphitic structure in the composite C-2.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phosphorus–carbon nanocomposite anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries

et al. 2015

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ARTICLE This journal isWith the expected theoretical capacity of 2,596 mAh g -1 , phosphorus is considered to be the highest capacity anode material for sodium-ion batteries and one of the most attractive anode materials for lithium-ion systems. This work presents a comprehensive study of phosphoruscarbon nanocomposite anodes for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The composite electrodes are able to display high initial capacities of approximately 1,700 and 1,300 mAh g -1 in lithium and sodium half-cells, respectively, when the cells are tested within a larger potential windows of 2.0 -0.01 V vs Li/Li + and Na/Na + . The level of demonstrated capacity is underpinned by the storage mechanism, based on the transformation of phosphorus to Li 3 P phase for lithium cells and an incomplete transformation to Na 3 P phase for sodium cells. The capacity deteriorates upon cycling, which is shown to originate from disintegration of electrodes and their delamination from current collectors by post-cycling ex-situ electron microscopy. Stable cyclic performance at the level of ~700 and ~350-400 mAh g -1 can be achieved if the potential windows are restricted to 2.0 -0.67 V vs Li/Li + for lithium and 2 -0.33 vs Na/Na + for sodium half-cells. The results are critically discussed in light of existing literature reports. Figure 4. TEM analysis of phosphorus and phosphorus-carbon samples . (a, b) Selected area electron diffraction patterns of the red and black phases of phosphorus (bright-field images are shown as insets); (c, d, e) an elastic image, carbon and phosphorus energy-filtered elemental maps of the composite C-1; (f, g, h) an elastic image, carbon and phosphorus energy-filtered elemental maps of the composite C-2 (colour scheme: green -carbon, red -phosporus).Phosphorus -carbon nanocomposites were systematically evaluated as high capacity anodes for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The composites are able to provide attractive capacities based on alloying-dealloying operating mechanism but their cyclic performance depends significantly on the operating potential window; the capacity declines monotonously within the window of 2 -0.01 V vs Li/Li + or Na/Na + and is very stable in a narrower potential window.

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“…In contrast, low friction in an oxygen or water vapour environment is often reported [6][7][8]. Moreover, low friction in graphite is due to the passivation of dangling bonds by reactive gases [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In argon environment, super low value of friction coefficient in turbostratic graphite is attributed to self-organization and superficial mobility of crystallites at contact interface [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%