Indium antimonide (InSb) has been plastically deformed over a wide temperature range, from 400 down to À176°C (see the companion paper: Kedjar B, Thilly L, Demenet JL, Rabier J. Acta Mater 2009) and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the deformation microstructures. In the ductile regime, i.e. T > T tr1 % 150°C, the crystal deforms via the nucleation and motion of perfect dislocations belonging to the glide set. In the brittle domain, i.e. for T < T tr1 % 150°C, two regimes are observed: for T tr2 % 20°C < T < T tr1 % 150°C, the crystal deformation takes place via the nucleation and glide of dissociated perfect dislocations or only leading partials, while for T < T tr2 % 20°C, the crystal deformation proceeds via the nucleation and motion of perfect dislocations belonging to the shuffle set. In view of these observations, the brittle-to-ductile transition (at T tr1 ) is confirmed to correspond to a change in the dislocation nature in the glide set, from partial-mediated plasticity at low temperature to perfect-mediated plasticity at high temperature. Another transition is observed at T tr2 and corresponds to the glide-to-shuffle transition which is observed experimentally for the first time in a III-V compound semiconductor.