“…Israeli monetary policy gained credibility during two key episodes: the first was the Bank of Israel's policy response to the LTCM crisis in 1998, and the second was the reversal of the monetary policy, after the surprise step taken by the Bank, drastically reducing the interest rate resulting in a large shock in markets at the end of 2001 (for details see Melnick and Strohsal, 2017). On both occasions, the shocks led to strong capital flows out of the economy, which led to the depreciation of the currency and created price shocks against the backdrop of the dollarization of the economy, a pathological inheritance of Israel's history of inflation (Shiffer, 2001).…”