Disinfection of Recirculation Water From Closed Cultivation Systems by Heat Treatment

Runia, W.T.; Amsing, J.J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2001.548.23

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…These systems make it possible to save signifi cant amounts of used fertilizers and water, as well as ensure their more effi cient utilization [15]. There are several methods facilitating effi cient disinfection of the nutrient solution, such as thermal disinfection [16,17,18], application of UV radiation [13,19,20], fi ltration of the nutrient solution using reverse osmosis or other membrane systems [15,21], application of hydrogen peroxide [15], application of ozone [21] consisting in 1-hour exposure of the nutrient solution to ozone, iodination [22,23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution of the Natural Environment in Intensive Cultures Under Greenhouses

Kleiber¹

2012

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Abstract:The last two decades have brought a signifi cant modernization in methods of cultivation in greenhouses. Soilless cultures, isolated from soils, have become a common practice, similarly as fertigation (fertilization + irrigation) installations, although most of them are applied in the open system (with no recirculation), where excess nutrient solution is removed straight to soil. This situation was the reason why it was decided to conduct studies, extended over a period of many years, on the estimation of environmental pollution caused by discharged drainage waters containing mineral fertilizers in economically important cultures in Poland (anthurium, tomato, cucumber). On the basis of the chemical composition of drainage waters and amounts of nutrient solution spillway from culture beds data were estimated concerning pollution of the soil medium by the nutrient solution. The level of pollution was dependent on nutrient requirements of crops and the length of the vegetation period. The highest environmental pollution is caused by intensive tomato growing (in kg·month·ha -1 ): N-NO 3 (up to 245), K (up to 402), Ca (up to 145) and S-SO 4 (up to 102). A lesser threat is posed by metal microelements: Fe (up to 2.69), Mn (up to 0.19), Zn (up to 0.52) and Cu (up to 0.09). Lower contamination of the natural environment is generated in cultures with lower nutrient requirements (anthurium) and in the case of culture on organic substrates. With an increase in ecological awareness of producers recirculation systems should be implemented in the production practice, in which drainage waters do not migrate directly to soil, but are repeatedly used to feed crops.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution of the Natural Environment in Intensive Cultures Under Greenhouses

Kleiber¹

2012

Archives of Environmental Protection

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“…A recirculating irrigation system has been applied to hydroponic systems to overcome these problems but this causes a significant change in the ratio of certain ions as well as the accumulation of undesirable ions in the root zone (Ehret et al, 2005;Zekki et al, 1996). Environmental and economic concerns regarding nutrient contamination are growing (Giuffrida et al, 2003), and the leaching of drain water with high concentrations of agrochemicals from greenhouses to soil in the Netherlands has been prohibited to protect groundwater quality (Runia and Amsing, 2001). Thus, there is a need to develop a drainage-free open hydroponic system suitable for a particular substrate, for which irrigation volume and timing must be managed depending on the water requirements of the crop to avoid leaching of nutrient-rich solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally sustainable production of tomato in a coir substrate hydroponic system using a frequency domain reflectometry sensor

Choi

Yoon²,

Choi

et al. 2015

Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol.

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Open hydroponic systems are the most widely used hydroponic systems in Korea. However, water drainage from the open hydroponics often causes significant environmental pollution due to agrochemicals and loss of water and nutrients. The objectives of this study were to show the potential application of an irrigation schedule based on threshold values of volumetric substrate water content tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. 'Betatini') cultivation in a commercial hydroponic farm. This study was performed for minimizing effluent from coir substrate hydroponics using a frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor-automated irrigation (FAI), as compared with conventional timer-irrigation (TIMER) from the farmer's experience. The irrigation volume and retained water volume in the substrate of the TIMER during autumn to winter cultivation were 6.1-fold and 2-fold higher, respectively, than those of the FAI with slightly higher fruit weight and no difference in plant growth in the TIMER. This resulted in 1.9-fold higher water use efficiency (WUE) in the FAI. The irrigation volume and retained water volume in the substrate of TIMER during spring to summer were 3.2-fold and 1.8-fold higher, respectively, than those of the FAI with no difference in fruit weight or plant growth between the two treatments, which led to a 1.9-fold higher WUE in FAI. Approximately 61% fertilizer cost savings and a substantial decrease in drained solution volume were observed for FAI compared to those with TIMER. The use of the FAI technique for a least-drainage hydroponic system can be achieved in a large-scale hydroponic farm, resulting in efficient and environmentally sustainable use of water and fertilizer.Additional key words: leachate, retained water volume, volumetric water content, water use efficiency Hort.

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“…In Europe, the recommendation was made to eliminate pathogens from circulated water in closed soilless culture systems by means of treating the water for at least 30 s at 95°C (Runia and Amsing, 2001a). However, the beneficial organisms present were also killed.…”

Section: Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Control of Plant-parasitic Nematodes in Irrigation Water – A Review

Hugo

Malan

2016

SAJEV

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A literature study was carried out to determine what is currently known about the contamination of irrigation water with plant-parasitic nematodes, and what control measures are currently available. Contamination sources of irrigation water with plant-parasitic nematodes were investigated, including wells, boreholes, collected rainwater, ponds, lakes, dams, rivers, municipal water, runoff water, irrigation canals and drainage water in soilless culture. Only when the origin of irrigation water was a capped borehole was the risk of contamination with plant-parasitic nematodes low. The plantparasitic nematodes of economic importance to grapevine reported to be found in irrigation water were Meloidogyne spp., Xiphinema spp., Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Trichodorus sp., Criconemoides xenoplax and Pratylenchus spp. The different sampling techniques used for the detection and monitoring of plant-parasitic nematodes and the sampling time and location are listed. The survival and infection potential reported for each species of plant-parasitic nematode found in irrigation water was noted. Serious nematode parasites of grapevines, such as Meloidogyne javanica, can survive for 16 to 32 days, M. incognita, for up to 14 days, Pratylenchus, for up to 70 days, T. semipenetrans, for up to 128 days, and X. index, for up to 13 days in irrigation water. All reported techniques used for the management of nematodes in irrigation water are listed and possible future research into the control of plant-parasitic nematodes in irrigation water is discussed. From this review, substantial evidence was obtained of the danger of introducing plant-parasitic nematodes to grapevine production sites by means of irrigation water.

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Disinfection of Recirculation Water From Closed Cultivation Systems by Heat Treatment

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Pollution of the Natural Environment in Intensive Cultures Under Greenhouses

Pollution of the Natural Environment in Intensive Cultures Under Greenhouses

Environmentally sustainable production of tomato in a coir substrate hydroponic system using a frequency domain reflectometry sensor

Occurrence and Control of Plant-parasitic Nematodes in Irrigation Water – A Review

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