Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water supply systems: A systematic review

Benítez, Juliana Salazar; Rodríguez, Cristian Méndez; Casas, Apolinar Figueroa

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2021.102987

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Commonly used chemical disinfectants are generally only effective at room temperature, and they tend to freeze when applied at temperatures below freezing, resulting in a decreased disinfection efficiency ( He et al, 2021 ). Moreover, most chemical disinfectants are toxic and odorous, and large-scale application will cause secondary contamination problems for cold chain products ( Lee et al, 2008 , Benítez et al, 2021 ). UV is another widespread disinfection method, and UV irradiation can reportedly inactivate SARS-CoV-2 at room temperature ( Inagaki et al, 2020 , Simmons et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with electron beam irradiation under cold chain conditions

Liu

Shao

Wang

et al. 2022

Environmental Technology & Innovation

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with electron beam irradiation under cold chain conditions

Liu

Shao

Wang

et al. 2022

Environmental Technology & Innovation

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“…To this end, special attention should be paid to possible secondary pollution caused by the disinfection process, including the risk of contaminating drinking water sources with released disinfectants, the accumulation of toxic disinfection byproducts, and persistent environmental contamination. Commonly used chlorine-containing, iodine-containing, and Hyamine-based disinfectants produce disinfection byproducts that are toxic to human health, such as chlorite, chlorate, iodoacetic acid, and nitrosamine [14] , so their large-scale application will cause secondary pollution problems. In addition, when food packaging is incinerated as solid waste, the attached disinfectant residues and disinfection byproducts produce air pollutants such as dioxins [15] .…”

Section: Green Disinfection Methods For Cold Chain Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Stage Green Barrier Strategy for the Control of Global SARS-CoV-2 Transmission via Cold Chain Goods

Liu

et al. 2022

Engineering

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Recently, “Object to Human” transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 with cold chain food as the medium has been confirmed by the frequent occurrence of Covid-19 infected patients who are practitioners of global cold chain logistics. The effective disinfection for cold chain food is the key to cut off this transmission route. However, there are great challenges to achieve the goal, due to the extremely massive commodities involved in global cold chain logistics of food, and the need to conduct disinfection at the temperature below freezing point. To solve this problem, in this study, a system of multi-stage barriers for virus transmission is established by making targeted disinfection strategies for five key steps throughout the whole life cycle of cold chain food (i.e. cold chain processing, refrigerated warehouse storage, refrigerated transportation and distribution, refrigerated retail, post-consumption). Moreover, the comparison of various disinfection methods which can be applied in the system is made to clarify the green disinfection. Conclusively, the cumulative disinfection for cold chain food provided by this system will play an important role on the normalized epidemic prevention and control.

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“…Multiple disinfectants without free chlorine (HOCl/OCl – ) were introduced, including chlorine dioxide, chloramines, and ozone, because (1) some important pathogens (e.g., Giardia and Cryptosporidium ) are more resistant to chlorine than most pathogens and (2) water purveyors wanted to minimize chlorinated DBPs. Unfortunately, these disinfectants form their own suites of DBPs, many of which are uncharacterized and continue to be detected following advancements in analytical chemistry . Often, controlling one class of DBPs can exacerbate the risk of forming another class of DBPs that may be more toxic; e.g., switching from free chlorine to chloramines decreases the level of THM formation but increases the level of N -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N -nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) formation. , Regardless of the chemical disinfectant, DBP formation is sensitive to and varies temporally and spatially on the basis of source water composition, temperature, pH, and disinfection contact time, making it difficult to predict DBP composition and risk.…”

Section: A Global Cause For Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Minus Approach Can Redefine the Standard of Practice of Drinking Water Treatment

Reid

Igou

Zhao

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Chlorine-based disinfection for drinking water treatment (DWT) was one of the 20th century’s great public health achievements, as it substantially reduced the risk of acute microbial waterborne disease. However, today’s chlorinated drinking water is not unambiguously safe; trace levels of regulated and unregulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), and other known, unknown, and emerging contaminants (KUECs), present chronic risks that make them essential removal targets. Because conventional chemical-based DWT processes do little to remove DBPs or KUECs, alternative approaches are needed to minimize risks by removing DBP precursors and KUECs that are ubiquitous in water supplies. We present the “Minus Approach” as a toolbox of practices and technologies to mitigate KUECs and DBPs without compromising microbiological safety. The Minus Approach reduces problem-causing chemical addition treatment (i.e., the conventional “Plus Approach”) by producing biologically stable water containing pathogens at levels having negligible human health risk and substantially lower concentrations of KUECs and DBPs. Aside from ozonation, the Minus Approach avoids primary chemical-based coagulants, disinfectants, and advanced oxidation processes. The Minus Approach focuses on bank filtration, biofiltration, adsorption, and membranes to biologically and physically remove DBP precursors, KUECs, and pathogens; consequently, water purveyors can use ultraviolet light at key locations in conjunction with smaller dosages of secondary chemical disinfectants to minimize microbial regrowth in distribution systems. We describe how the Minus Approach contrasts with the conventional Plus Approach, integrates with artificial intelligence, and can ultimately improve the sustainability performance of water treatment. Finally, we consider barriers to adoption of the Minus Approach.

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Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water supply systems: A systematic review

Cited by 31 publications

References 108 publications

Inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with electron beam irradiation under cold chain conditions

Inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with electron beam irradiation under cold chain conditions

A Multi-Stage Green Barrier Strategy for the Control of Global SARS-CoV-2 Transmission via Cold Chain Goods

The Minus Approach Can Redefine the Standard of Practice of Drinking Water Treatment

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