Disgust sensitivity relates to moral foundations independent of political ideology.

Leeuwen, Florian van; Dukes, Amber; Tybur, Joshua M.; Park, Justin H.

doi:10.1037/ebs0000075

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Specifically, we [46]. We conducted a secondary analysis on data from 11 969 participants in 19 countries: Australia [47] (n = 1115), Belgium [48] (n = 493), China [49] (n = 393), France [50] (n = 213), Hungary [51] (n = 403), Iran [52] (n = 501), Japan [53] (n = 534), South Korea [54] (n = 478), Latvia [55] (n = 264), Mongolia [56] (n = 444), the Netherlands [48] (n = 285), Poland [57] (n = 1702), Russia [56] (n = 468), Serbia [58] (n = 240), Spain [59] (n = 240), Sweden [60,61] (n = 2068), Turkey [62] (n = 1465), UK [63] (n = 273), and USA (Amazon Mechanical Turk) (n = 390). The median sample size was 444.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

2020

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Most of the empirical research on sex differences and cultural variations in morality has relied on within-culture analyses or small-scale cross-cultural data. To further broaden the scientific understanding of sex differences in morality, the current research relies on two international samples to provide the first large-scale examination of sex differences in moral judgements nested within cultures. Using a sample from 67 countries (Study 1; n = 336 691), we found culturally variable sex differences in moral judgements, as conceptualized by Moral Foundations Theory. Women consistently scored higher than men on Care, Fairness, and Purity. By contrast, sex differences in Loyalty and Authority were negligible and highly variable across cultures. Country-level sex differences in moral judgements were also examined in relation to cultural, socioeconomic, and gender-equality indicators revealing that sex differences in moral judgements are larger in individualist, Western, and gender-equal societies. In Study 2 (19 countries; n = 11 969), these results were largely replicated using Bayesian multi-level modelling in a distinct sample. The findings were robust when incorporating cultural non-independence of countries into the models. Specifically, women consistently showed higher concerns for Care, Fairness, and Purity in their moral judgements than did men. Sex differences in moral judgements were larger in individualist and gender-equal societies with more flexible social norms. We discuss the implications of these findings for the ongoing debate about the origin of sex differences and cultural variations in moral judgements as well as theoretical and pragmatic implications for moral and evolutionary psychology.

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Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

2020

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“…Pathogen avoidance also has implications for morality. People motivated by pathogen avoidance tend to espouse moral world views that help bind the ingroup together to protect the group from internal instability, as well as outgroups who carry novel pathogens to which one's own group has not developed immunity or who may not follow group norms (Murray et al 2017;Park and Isherwood 2011;van Leeuwen et al 2017). Motivation to avoid pathogens also seems to affect juror decision-making (Brown et al 2017).…”

Section: Pathogen Avoidance Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing Fluctuations in Pathogen Avoidance: the Situational Pathogen Avoidance Scale

Makhanova

Plant

Maner

2020

Evolutionary Psychological Science

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Pathogen avoidance is an important motive underlying human behavior and is associated with numerous psychological processes-including biases against social groups heuristically associated with illness. Although there are reliable measurement scales to assess chronic dispositional levels of pathogen avoidance, no measurement scale currently exists to directly assess moment-to-moment fluctuations in pathogen avoidance. This paper presents the Situational Pathogen Avoidance (SPA) scale, which assesses situational variability in pathogen avoidance, especially as it pertains to avoidance of social stimuli. Across six studies, we demonstrate the reliability and validity of the SPA scale, show that the scale is influenced by situational activation of pathogen avoidance motives, and demonstrate that it mediates the association between pathogen avoidance motives (both chronic and situational) and social biases against obese and foreign targets. The SPA scale provides a valuable measurement tool for researchers who study pathogen avoidance and to those who study social biases more generally.

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“…In addition, sexual disgust has been associated with conservative political attitudes 14 . In some studies, disgust sensitivity is associated with norm adherence 2 ; while in others, it is associated with concerns for ritualistic purity, albeit this research is still relatively scarce 15 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Moral Disgust Do Not Predict Utilitarian Judgments, Sexual and Pathogen Disgust Do

Laakasuo

Sundvall

Drosinou

2017

Sci Rep

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The role of emotional disgust and disgust sensitivity in moral judgment and decision-making has been debated intensively for over 20 years. Until very recently, there were two main evolutionary narratives for this rather puzzling association. One of the models suggest that it was developed through some form of group selection mechanism, where the internal norms of the groups were acting as pathogen safety mechanisms. Another model suggested that these mechanisms were developed through hygiene norms, which were piggybacking on pathogen disgust mechanisms. In this study we present another alternative, namely that this mechanism might have evolved through sexual disgust sensitivity. We note that though the role of disgust in moral judgment has been questioned recently, few studies have taken disgust sensitivity to account. We present data from a large sample (N = 1300) where we analyzed the associations between The Three Domain Disgust Scale and the most commonly used 12 moral dilemmas measuring utilitarian/deontological preferences with Structural Equation Modeling. Our results indicate that of the three domains of disgust, only sexual disgust is associated with more deontological moral preferences. We also found that pathogen disgust was associated with more utilitarian preferences. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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Disgust sensitivity relates to moral foundations independent of political ideology.

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

Capturing Fluctuations in Pathogen Avoidance: the Situational Pathogen Avoidance Scale

Individual Differences in Moral Disgust Do Not Predict Utilitarian Judgments, Sexual and Pathogen Disgust Do

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