Disgust Sensitivity Accounts for Some But Not All Gender Differences in Death Attitudes

Bassett, Jonathan F.

doi:10.1177/0030222815612604

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A possible explanation to these findings would be the difference in sensitivity related to gender and aging. Papers assessing sensitivity in other situations demonstrated effects of gender and age 28,29 , which were more intense in women and in the younger people. The clarification of this hypothesis regarding dysphagia requires more specific studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia

et al. 2019

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Objective: to assess the difficulty in swallowing medications and correlate it with age and gender in healthy adults and elderly. Methods: a total of 439 asymptomatic healthy volunteers (270 females and 169 males), who were not taking any medication on a regular basis, aged from 20 to 84 years, were questioned as for dysphagia, by using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Question number five of the EAT-10, specifically, approached the difficulty in swallowing drugs, considering zero as “no swallowing problem” and 1 to 4 as “some degree of difficulty” (4 as great difficulty).The chi-square test (x2) was used for the statistical analysis. Results: a total of 365 (83%) volunteers reported having no difficulty in swallowing medications (89% of men and 80% of women), whereas 74 (17%) reported some degree of difficulty (11% of men and 20% of women)(p = 0.01). These represented 20% of those aged between 20 and 49, and 9% of those aged 50 and over (p = 0.02). Conclusion: in this study, it was observed that both age and gender influence on medication swallowing, a difficulty more frequent among women and young adults. Some degree of difficulty was reported by 17% of the volunteers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia

et al. 2019

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“…This could be explained by the larger sample when these two groups of students were combined. Female preponderance in disgust sensitivity is a standard finding in previous reports [22,23]. As mentioned above, evolutionary, women use more energy and resources to birth and raise their children [22] and have to protect themselves and their children from illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Medical students scored lower in all DS-R subscales compared to psychology students, with a median (25 th , 75 th ) total score of 49 (38, 61) and 62 (52, 75), respectively (p<0.001) ( Table 1), although score distribution of DS-R subscales did not differ between the two faculty students in relation to sex (Table 4). Medical students with Internal Medicine orientation scored higher in the Core Disgust subscale compared to Surgical and Laboratory Specialty (median (25 th , 75 th ): 32 (26.5, 34), 26 (22,28) and 27 (23,34), respectively, p=0.023) ( Table 2). Psychology students with Experimental postgraduate orientation scored lower in the Animal Reminder subscale (Tables 2, 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emotion of Disgust among Medical and Psychology Students

Pehlivanidis¹,

Pehlivanidi²,

Papanikolaou³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Disgust evolved as a way to protect one’s self from illness. DS-R measures disgust propensity of three kinds of disgust (Core, Animal Reminder and Contamination). Although the DS-R scale was refined mainly with young and largely female student population its impact on educational orientation has not been assessed. In the present study we examined the DS-R scoring and the choice of postgraduate studies in medical (n= 94) and psychology (n= 97) students. They responded to an anonymous web-based survey and completed the DS-R and a questionnaire on their demographics and plans for postgraduate studies. Female students outnumbered males (3:1) and scored higher in Total DS-R score (median: 59 vs. 50, p<0.05). Psychology students scored higher in all three kinds of disgust (p<0.05), indicating a higher level of disease avoidance. Medical students willing to follow Internal Medicine scored higher in Core Disgust (p<0.05) while psychology students willing to study Experimental Psychology scored lower in Animal Reminder subscale (p<0.001). Also, the higher the psychology students scored in Core Disgust scale the higher was the probability to choose Experimental Psychology. In conclusion, disgust propensity as rated by DS-R differentiates medical from psychology students and is also related to orientation preferences in postgraduate studies.

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“…While indicating that factors outside the model are also influencing attitudes towards organ donation, the percentage of explained variance is not without significance within social and psychological research where causal relations are more distally connected than normally seen in the biological sciences. Given the differences between male and female participants on several key variables, and in light of biological sex differences in general levels of disgust sensitivity reported in the literature 30 , 31 , we included the interaction term between biological sex and disgust sensitivity. The interaction term was also significant, which in this case means that the negative relationship between disgust sensitivity and support for organ donation was stronger for women than for men.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disgust Sensitivity and Support for Organ Donation: Time to Take Disgust Seriously

Mazur

Gormsen

2020

J GEN INTERN MED

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Background There are currently roughly 10,000 Germans on the organ waiting list, and that number is over 113,000 in the USA. There is a clear need to increase support for organ donation in general and to increase the number of registered donors in particular. Objective The current study examines the relationship between disgust sensitivity and attitudes towards organ donation and the possession of an organ donor card. The study also examines other important correlates of attitudes towards organ donation, such as fear, trust, and knowledge regarding organ donation. Design The study involved an online questionnaire. Participants Six hundred and eighteen Germans filled out an online questionnaire. Main Measures The questionnaire contained the following measures: attitude towards organ donation, disgust sensitivity, trust towards the medical community, fear of organ donation, and knowledge regarding organ donation, as well as such demographic information as age, biological sex, degree of formal education, religious affiliation and level of religiosity, political orientation, and possession of an organ donor card. Key Results The results replicated previous findings regarding the influence of trust and fear on attitudes towards organ donation, but only partially supported those regarding the importance of knowledge. Importantly, disgust sensitivity had a significant impact on attitudes towards organ donation, even after controlling for other variables hereto identified as important correlates in the literature (e.g., fear, trust, knowledge). What is more, there was a significant interaction between biological sex and disgust sensitivity indicating that the relationship between disgust sensitivity and attitudes towards organ donation was stronger among women than men. Conclusions While disgust is often disregarded as a “silly,” bairnish emotion and unbefitting of discussions of serious issues such as organ donation, in line with the “affective turn” in psychology, the results of the current study suggest that in order to improve attitudes towards organ donation, we should take feelings of disgust seriously.

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Disgust Sensitivity Accounts for Some But Not All Gender Differences in Death Attitudes

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia

Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia

The Emotion of Disgust among Medical and Psychology Students

Disgust Sensitivity and Support for Organ Donation: Time to Take Disgust Seriously

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