Disgust and the development of posttraumatic stress among soldiers deployed to Afghanistan

Interpreting ethical challenges in military operations

“…Therefore, emotions and intuitions traditionally receive less attention. At the same time, we observe a welcome increase in attention for emotion in the broader military research literature (e.g., Andres & Rietveld, 2012;Engelhard, Olatunji & De Jong, 2011;Weibull, 2012). This is also important because of the high levels of stress as well as the intensity of the operational context in which servicemen operate during deployment, arguably evoking strong emotions (cf.…”

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Post Iraq and Afghanistan: Prevalence among Military Subgroups

“…Boulos and Zamorski 54 Engelhard et al 60 Fear et al 10 (Afghanistan) Hoge et al 5 (Afghanistan) Hoge et al 22 (Afghanstan) Jones et al 64 Lapierre et al 67 (Afghanistan) Mulligan et al 72 Shen et al 79 have suggested this may be due to role distribution, but this finding is not universal. 13,[30][31][32][33][34] Recent research has also suggested that men and women can experience different stressors on deployment.…”

“…However, this only excluded a small number of papers (17 out of Note: Weights are from random effects analysis Male Cabrera et al 56 Engelhard et al 60 Maguen et al 30 Martin et al 70 Phillips et al 25 Polusny et al 75 Riviere et al 77 Woodhead et al 13 van Zuiden et al 81 Subtotal (I 2 = 99.2%, P < 0.001)…”

“…Maguen et al 30 Martin et al 70 Polusney et al 75 Riviere et al 77 Woodhead et al 13 Subtotal (I 2 = 92.5%, P < 0.001) 51 Bliese et al 87 Bray et al 55 Cabrera et al 56 Duma et al 57 Engelhard et al 60 Fear et al 10 Highfill-McRoy et al 62 Hoge et al 5 Kim et al 65 Lapierre et al 67 (Afghanistan) Lapierre et al 67 (Iraq) Luxton et al 68 Maguen et al 24 or 31 Maguen et al 30 Martin et al 70 Milliken et al 45 Mulligan et al 71 Peterson et al 73 Phillips et al 25 Rona et al 78 Shen et al 79 (Afghanistan) Shen et al 79 (Iraq) Shen et al 80 Thomas et al 42 Vasterling et al 82 Warner et al 83 Warner et al 84 Wright et al 86 van Zuiden et al 81 Subtotal (I 2 = 99.9%, P < 0.001)…”

“…Engelhard et al 59 (SFIR 4) Engelhard et al 59 ( SFIR 5) Engelhard et al 60 Ferrier-Auerbach et al 61 Hoge et al 5 (Afghanistan) Hoge et al 5 (Iraq) Hoge et al 63 Kim et al 65 Kline et al 66 Lapierre et al 67 (Afghanistan) Lapierre et al 67 (Iraq) Luxton et al 68 Maguen et al 24 or 31 Maguen et al 30 Marshall et al 69 Martin et al 70 Milliken et al 45 Polusny et al 75 Polusny et al 76 Riviere et al 77 Shen et al 80 Thomas et al 42 Vasterling et al 82 Warner et al 83 Warner et al 84 Wood et al 85 Wright et al 86 van Zuiden et al 81 Subtotal (I 2 = 99.8%, P < 0.001)…”