Disentangling drivers of soil microbial potential enzyme activity across rain regimes: An approach based on the functional trait framework

Piton, Gabin; Foulquier, Arnaud; Martínez‐García, Laura B.; Legay, Nicolas; Hedlund, Katarina; Silva, Pedro Martins da; Nascimento, Eduardo; Reis, Filipa; Sousa, José Paulo; Deyn, Gerlinde B. De; Clément, Jean Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107881

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(166 reference statements)

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“…BM = Biomass-C, AMF = Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, EEC, EEN, EEP = Extracellular enzyme activities degrading C-, N-and P-rich substrates, respectively, Total EEA = sum of EEC, EEN and EEP mechanisms and likely context dependency. In our experiment, the response of total enzyme activity was mostly associated with variation of the activity per unit of microbial biomass (biomass-specific enzyme activity), which has been shown to be controlled by changes in microbial community composition, functional acclimation and/or evolutionary adaptation (Piton, Foulquier, Martínez-García, Legay, Hedlund, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Effect Of Rain Regimes On Soil Microbial Community Composimentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Potential enzyme activities were expressed as nmol g soil −1 hr −1 . Then, enzymes activities were summed to represent enzyme activities degrading C‐rich (EEC = AG + BG + CB + XYL), N‐rich (EEN = LAP + NAG) and P‐rich substrates (EEP = PHOS) and total enzyme activities (EEA = EEC + EEN + EEP; Bell et al., 2013; Piton, Foulquier, Martínez‐García, Legay, Hedlund, et al., 2020; Piton, Legay, et al., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance–recovery trade‐off of soil microbial communities under altered rain regimes: An experimental test across European agroecosystems

Piton

Foulquier

Martínez‐García

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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With the increased occurrence of climate extremes, there is an urgent need to better understand how management strategies affect the capacity of the soil microbial community to maintain its ecosystem functions (e.g. nutrient cycling). To address this issue, intact monoliths were extracted from conventional and ecological managed grasslands in three countries across Europe and exposed under common air condition (temperature and moisture) to one of three altered rain regimes (dry, wet and intermittent wet/dry) as compared to a normal regime. Subsequently, we compared the resistance and recovery of the soil microbial biomass, potential enzyme activities and community composition. The microbial community composition differed with soil management and rain regimes. Soil microbial biomass increased from the wetter to the dryer rain regime, paralleling an increase of available carbon and nutrients, suggesting low sensitivity to soil moisture reduction but nutritional limitations of soil microbes. Conversely, enzyme activities decreased with all altered rain regimes. Resistance and recovery (considering absolute distance between normal and altered rain regime) of the microbial communities depended on soil management. Conventional‐intensive management showed higher resistance of two fundamental properties for nutrient cycling (i.e. bacterial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities) yet associated with more important changes in microbial community composition. This suggests an internal community reorganization promoting biomass and activity resistance. Conversely, under ecological management bacterial biomass and enzyme activities showed better recovery capacity, whereas no or very low recovery of these properties was observed under conventional management. These management effects were consistent across the three altered rain regimes investigated, indicating common factors controlling microbial communities’ response to different climate‐related stresses. Synthesis and applications. Our study provides experimental evidence for an important trade‐off for agroecosystem management between (a) stabilizing nutrient cycling potential during an altered rain regime period at the expense of very low recovery capacity and potential long‐term effect (conventional sites) and (b) promoting the capacity of the microbial community to recover its functional potential after the end of the stress (ecological sites). Thus, management based on ecologically sound principles may be the best option to sustain long‐term soil functioning under climate change.

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Section: Effect Of Rain Regimes On Soil Microbial Community Composimentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance–recovery trade‐off of soil microbial communities under altered rain regimes: An experimental test across European agroecosystems

Piton

Foulquier

Martínez‐García

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Standard fluorimetric methods were used to measure potential extracellular activity of enzymes degrading C-rich substrates (BG = β-1,4-Glucosidase), N-rich substrates: (NAG = β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase; LAP = leucine aminopeptidase) and P-rich substrates: (PHOS = phosphomonoesterase) [ 28 ]. Succinctly, 2.75 g of thawed soil were homogenized (1 min in a Waring blender) in 200 mL of a sodium acetate buffer solution adjusted to soil pH (8.1 ± 0.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiality of Native Ascomycete Strains in Bioremediation of Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyl Contaminated Soils

et al. 2021

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants that are harmful to environment and toxic to humans. Numerous studies, based on basidiomycete strains, have reported unsatisfactory results in the mycoremediation of PCB-contaminated soils mainly due to the non-telluric origin of these strains. The abilities of a five-Ascomycete-strain consortium in the mycoremediation of PCB-polluted soils and its performance to restore their sound functioning were investigated using mesocosm experiments associated with chromatography gas analysis and enzymatic activity assays. With the soil H containing 850 ppm PCB from which the strains had been isolated, a significant PCB depletion of 29% after three months of treatment was obtained. This led to an important decrease of PCBs from 850 to 604 ppm. With the soil L containing 36 ppm PCB, biodegradation did not occur. In both soils, the fungal biomass quantified by the ergosterol assay, did not increase at the end of the treatment. Biodegradation evidenced in the soil H resulted in a significantly improved stoichiometry of N and P acquiring enzymatic activities. This unprecedented study demonstrates that the native Ascomycetes display remarkable properties for remediation and restoration of functioning of the soil they originated from paving the way for greater consideration of these strains in mycoremediation.

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“…Moreover, microbial biomass depends on the whole soil trophic network (Calderón-Sanou et al 2021). This result stresses the importance to consider the resource acquisition strategy of soil microbes and not only their biomass to understand their response to environmental gradients and their effect on nutrient recycling in soil (Piton et al 2020a). Recent literature has proposed that microbes adopt an A strategy either when resources are scarce (Malik et al 2019(Malik et al , 2020Piton et al 2020b), or when resources are abundant (Wood et al 2018).…”

Section: Covariations Between Ecosystem Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, microbial communities are key regulators of nutrient recycling in the plant-soil system, and recent developments suggest that including microbial communities in a multitrophic functional trait framework could strengthen our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem functioning (Malik et al 2020; Piton et al 2020b). Resource acquisition strategies of microbial communities can be partly inferred from the characterization of enzymatic activities involved in C, N and P acquisition through the extracellular depolymerization of organic compounds (Piton et al 2020b, a). A higher investment in resource acquisition traits (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contrasted impacts of grasshoppers on soil microbial activities in function of primary production and herbivore diet

Ibanez

Foulquier

Brun

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Herbivory can have contrasted impacts on soil microbes and nutrient cycling, which has stimulated the development of conceptual frameworks exploring the links between below- and aboveground processes. The “productivity model” predicts that herbivores stimulate microbial activities and accelerate nutrient mineralization in productive ecosystems, while they have an opposite effect in less productive ecosystems. In parallel, the “diet model” predicts that herbivores feeding on conservative plants accelerate nutrient cycling while those feeding on exploitative plants decelerate nutrient cycling, due to changes in litter inputs. Since these two frameworks can lead to conflicting predictions in some cases, experimental evidence combining herbivore diet and productivity is required.During two consecutive years, we conducted an experiment controlling the presence of three grasshopper species consuming either grasses, forbs or both in twelve natural and managed alpine grasslands of contrasted productivities. In order to assess the effects of herbivory on soil microbes, we measured their enzymatic activities, their biomass and the soil potential nitrogen mineralization (PNM). Soil and vegetation characteristics were also determined in order to test if they modulated the effects of herbivory on microbes.Contrary to the predictions of the diet model, the effects of herbivory on microbial characteristics did not depend on the herbivores diet but relied on ecosystem productivity. The most productive sites were characterized by exploitative plant species which depleted N resources in the soil, and by microbes producing relatively few extracellular enzymes, leading to a lower PNM. Herbivory increased microbial biomass and decreased the production of extracellular enzymes in those sites, possibly through the stimulation of root exudates produced by exploitative species. The least productive sites were characterized by conservative plants, which led to the sequestration of soil C, and by microbes having a resource acquisition strategy (more extracellular enzymes, higher PNM). Herbivory decreased microbial biomass and increased the production of extracellular enzymes in those sites. This pattern can be explained by the loss of carbon associated with insect respiration, which increases the need for microbes to acquire resources and by a lower production of root exudates by conservative species. Therefore, the effects of two years of herbivory on soil microbes were at odds with the productivity model, which focuses instead on longer term effects corresponding to herbivory-induced changes in plant species composition. This highlights the multidimensional feature of the impacts of herbivory on ecosystem functioning, both in space and time.

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Disentangling drivers of soil microbial potential enzyme activity across rain regimes: An approach based on the functional trait framework

Cited by 17 publications

References 102 publications

Resistance–recovery trade‐off of soil microbial communities under altered rain regimes: An experimental test across European agroecosystems

Resistance–recovery trade‐off of soil microbial communities under altered rain regimes: An experimental test across European agroecosystems

Potentiality of Native Ascomycete Strains in Bioremediation of Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyl Contaminated Soils

The contrasted impacts of grasshoppers on soil microbial activities in function of primary production and herbivore diet

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