Diseases threatening banana biodiversity in Uganda

Tushemereirwe, W. K.; Kangire, A.; Kubiriba, Jerome; Nakyanzi, M.; Gold, Clifford S.

doi:10.4314/acsj.v12i1.27658

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…cubense, which is a well-known pathogen of bananas and causes serious wilting symptoms (18,44), F. chlamydosporum and C. musae have been identified in disease symptoms. All three strains were included in bacterial (but not in fungal) antagonism studies because it has been shown that opportunistic pathogens often play a role in symptom expression (17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cultivar substitution for the important susceptible cultivars (Bogoya [Gros Michel-AAA]), (Kayinja [Pisang awak-ABB], Sukali Ndizi [Kamaramasenge subgroup-AAB], and Kisubi [Ney Poovan-AB]) is one proposed approach to reducing losses to Fusarium wilt in Uganda, although consumer preference limits this approach (19). Since Fusarium clamydospores persist in the soil for decades, no cultural or agronomic practices that are useful for the growth of susceptible cultivars on infested soils have been identified (44).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Fusarium wilt caused by the soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. cubense (E.F.Sm) Synder & Hassen (FOC) is one of the most destructive diseases of bananas in Uganda (44). FOC represents a complex of eight phylogenetic lineages; its ability to cause disease on all or some of the current race differential cultivars has evolved convergently in the taxon (18,44).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Banana-Associated Microbial Communities in Uganda Are Highly Diverse but Dominated by Enterobacteriaceae

Roßmann

Müller

Smalla

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTBananas are among the most widely consumed foods in the world. In Uganda, the country with the second largest banana production in the world, bananas are the most important staple food. The objective of this study was to analyze banana-associated microorganisms and to select efficient antagonists against fungal pathogens which are responsible for substantial yield losses. We studied the structure and function of microbial communities (endosphere, rhizosphere, and soil) obtained from three different traditional farms in Uganda by cultivation-independent (PCR-SSCP fingerprints of 16S rRNA/ITS genes, pyrosequencing of enterobacterial 16S rRNA gene fragments, quantitative PCR, fluorescencein situhybridization coupled with confocal laser scanning microscopy, and PCR-based detection of broad-host-range plasmids and sulfonamide resistance genes) and cultivation-dependent methods. The results showed microhabitat-specific microbial communities that were significant across sites and treatments. Furthermore, all microhabitats contained a high number and broad spectrum of indigenous antagonists toward identified fungal pathogens. While bacterial antagonists were found to be enriched in banana plants, fungal antagonists were less abundant and mainly found in soil. The banana stem endosphere was the habitat with the highest bacterial counts (up to 109gene copy numbers g−1). Here, enterics were found to be enhanced in abundance and diversity; they provided one-third of the bacteria and were identified by pyrosequencing with 14 genera, including not only potential human (Escherichia,Klebsiella,Salmonella, andYersiniaspp.) and plant (Pectobacteriumspp.) pathogens but also disease-suppressive bacteria (Serratiaspp.). The dominant role of enterics can be explained by the permanent nature and vegetative propagation of banana and the amendments of human, as well as animal, manure in these traditional cultivations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Banana-Associated Microbial Communities in Uganda Are Highly Diverse but Dominated by Enterobacteriaceae

Roßmann

Müller

Smalla

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Among the biotic threats, Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum is the most recent and is perceived by smallholder banana farmers in Uganda as the most serious threat to food security and incomes (Tushemereirwe, Kangire, Kubiriba, Nakyanzi & Gold, 2004;Karamura et al, 2011). The disease was first reported in central Uganda in 2001 (Tushemereirwe et al, 2001) but has since spread to other districts across the country including the main banana growing regions (Karamura, Osiru, Blomme, Lusty & Picq, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Farm-Level Adoption of Cultural Practices for Banana Xanthomonas Wilt Control in Uganda

Jogo¹,

Karamura²,

Tinzaara³

et al. 2013

JAS

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Understanding the factors influencing farmers' adoption decisions of the disseminated Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) control package is critical for successful management of the disease. This paper analysed the determinants of farmers' decisions to adopt the control package by smallholder banana farmers in Uganda. A binomial Logit model is applied to household survey data collected from 350 households. Results from the study show that household labour availability, technology package attributes such as labour demand and perceived effectiveness of the practices in managing the disease; and agro-ecological location and banana production system significantly influence adoption decisions. These results suggest the need for adaptation of the technology package to better suit the needs and socio-economic conditions of smallholder farmers through a farmer participatory technology development approach that takes into account research findings, farmers' indigenous knowledge and resource constraints to enhance adoption.

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“…These two problems are inter-related, as low soil fertility reduces host plant vigor and leads to increased susceptibility to pests and diseases (Patriquin et al, 1995;Spann and Schumann, 2010). The major pests and disease problems on banana in Uganda include weevils, nematodes, Fusarium wilt, black sigatoka, banana streak virus and more recently Xanthomonas wilt (Gold et al, 1991;Tushemereirwe et al, 2004).. In addition to these, banana farmers are also faced with an array of abiotic constraints including low farm gate prices, limited access and high input costs, lack of output market linkages, financial credit, information and technologies, and climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers awareness and perceived benefits of agro-ecological intensification practices in banana systems in Uganda

Ochola¹,

Jogo²,

Ocimati³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Declining soil fertility and pests and diseases are major constraints to banana productivity in smallholder farming systems in Uganda. This study explored farmers' awareness and perceptions on agro-ecological intensification (AEI) practices for addressing these constraints in five banana-growing districts in Uganda. Stratified random sampling procedure was used to select 60 households for a survey from different agro-ecological zones and banana production systems. The household survey was complemented with focus group discussions to obtain qualitative data on farmer perceptions on benefits and constraints to AEI application on-farm. Thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze data. Results of the study show that most of the interviewed farmers were aware of the AEI practices although not all those aware had adopted the practices. Farmers were motivated to apply AEI practices perceived to offer multiple benefits: pest and disease management, enhanced productivity, soil fertility improvement and ecological adaptability. Major constraints to application of AEI practices by farmers include insufficient knowledge, labour intensiveness and limited access to markets. A transition towards intensification of smallholder banana systems requires that the full range of ecosystem services provided by AEI practices are recognized and valued by farmers. Therefore, empowering farmers with knowledge on their agro-ecological systems and locally adapting AEI practices is essential for realization of benefits and wider adoption of AEI practices.

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Diseases threatening banana biodiversity in Uganda

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Banana-Associated Microbial Communities in Uganda Are Highly Diverse but Dominated by Enterobacteriaceae

Banana-Associated Microbial Communities in Uganda Are Highly Diverse but Dominated by Enterobacteriaceae

Determinants of Farm-Level Adoption of Cultural Practices for Banana Xanthomonas Wilt Control in Uganda

Farmers awareness and perceived benefits of agro-ecological intensification practices in banana systems in Uganda

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