Diseases of the nasal cavity

Schwartz, Jacob; Tajudeen, Bobby A.; Kennedy, David W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63855-7.00018-6

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Etiologies can be classified into three major categories: conduction, central, and sensorineural disorders, which need not be mutually exclusive. [10][11][12] Conduction disorders are seen in patients with allergic rhinitis, acute or chronic rhinosinusitis, where inflammation of the nasal mucosa disrupts the mechanical function of olfaction. Central olfactory dysfunction is seen in disorders of the central nervous system, commonly from neurodegenerative diseases or head injury, where olfactory bulb projections to the olfactory mucosa are sheared in the cribriform plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Lao

Imam

Nguyen

2020

World j. otorhinolaryngol.-head neck surg.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Lao

Imam

Nguyen

2020

World j. otorhinolaryngol.-head neck surg.

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“…When the OC is obstructed by polyps or tumors, the removal of the pathological lesions can improve olfactory function. 1 However endoscopic procedures that alter the relationship between the turbinates and septum can produce turbulence or obstruction, resulting in a decreased sense of smell. 2 Furthermore, epithelial resection high in the nasal cavity can induce iatrogenic OE injury during septoplasty, submucous resection of the septum, ethmoidal cell cleaning, or widening of the superior meatus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous distribution of mature olfactory sensory neurons in human olfactory epithelium

Omura

Han

Nishijima

et al. 2021

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background: The olfactory cleft (OC) comprising the olfactory epithelium (OE) is the most important anatomical location for olfactory function. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is used to treat diseases related to the OC and improve olfactory dysfunction. However, iatrogenic OE injury occasionally occurs. Comprehensive knowledge of the olfactory region is required to avoid damage to the OE during endoscopic procedures.Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed on olfactory mucosa obtained from the unaffected side of olfactory neuroblastoma surgical specimens. The OE was defined as the epithelium containing mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). The distribution and cell kinetics of the OE were examined. Results:The OE was selectively localized to the anterior two-thirds of the superior turbinate (ST) and in the nasal septum (NS) just opposite to the ST; the OE was not detected within the mucosa of the superior meatus. The density of mature OSNs was high at the ethmoid tegmen but gradually decreased with distance from the ethmoid tegmen. The extent of cell death and proliferation was relatively even across the OE. Analysis of airflow profiles revealed that resection of inferior ST does not decrease airflow to the OC. Conclusion:The results indicate that the distribution and degree of differentiation of mature OSNs are heterogenous throughout the OE. Epithelial resection of the anterior or superior ST has the potential to damage olfactory function. Resection of the inferior or posterior ST or widening of the superior meatus is a safer alternative that does not damage mature OSNs or alter airflow to the OC.

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“…Furthermore, individuals with conditions that could affect smell performance, such as respiratory (asthma, sinusitis, septal surgery, etc.) or neurological diseases [ 43 , 44 ], were ruled out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Knockout Olfactory Receptor Genes in Odor Discrimination

Concas

Cocca

Francescatto

et al. 2021

Genes

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To date, little is known about the role of olfactory receptor (OR) genes on smell performance. Thanks to the availability of whole-genome sequencing data of 802 samples, we identified 41 knockout (KO) OR genes (i.e., carriers of Loss of Function variants) and evaluated their effect on odor discrimination in 218 Italian individuals through recursive partitioning analysis. Furthermore, we checked the expression of these genes in human and mouse tissues using publicly available data and the presence of organ-related diseases in human KO (HKO) individuals for OR expressed in non-olfactory tissues (Fisher test). The recursive partitioning analysis showed that age and the high number (burden) of OR-KO genes impact the worsening of odor discrimination (p-value < 0.05). Human expression data showed that 33/41 OR genes are expressed in the olfactory system (OS) and 27 in other tissues. Sixty putative mouse homologs of the 41 humans ORs have been identified, 58 of which are expressed in the OS and 37 in other tissues. No association between OR-KO individuals and pathologies has been detected. In conclusion, our work highlights the role of the burden of OR-KO genes in worse odor discrimination.

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Diseases of the nasal cavity

Cited by 21 publications

References 174 publications

Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Heterogeneous distribution of mature olfactory sensory neurons in human olfactory epithelium

The Role of Knockout Olfactory Receptor Genes in Odor Discrimination

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