Diseases of the mammary gland

doi:10.1002/9781119073543.ch13

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…There is no bibliographical data on this point, but the Alpine goat breed is known to have a very thin cistern wall so that the milk can sometimes seep through the skin. Sometimes “weeping teats” and “cystic dilatation of the teat cavities” are reported [ 36 ]. The wall at the teat base of our goats can be very thin, and milk can sometimes pass through it or accumulate subcutaneously between the skin folds, creating a milk cyst or teat/cistern hernia that can grow and later interfere with liner placement ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal–Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis

Marnet,

Velasquez,

Dzidic

2024

Animals

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There is a need to develop tools for mastitis management in goats and to measure the effects of milking machines on teats. Infrared thermography (IRT), as shown in cows, was a good candidate for early mastitis detection and focusing on milking equipment and settings implicated in potential problems. The aim of this study was to test IRT to detect udder inflammation and the effects of mechanical milking on teats in relation to inflammation status, udder balance, and teat shape in Alpine goats. IRT spectra were compared before and after milking in 551 goats from three commercial herds compared to their individual SCC (somatic cell count). We found no regression or trend between logSCC and IRT measurement or response to milking, even in highly inflamed goat udders. The effect of milking was significant (p < 0.05) with global temperature reduction after milking, but differences were seen between teat parts and unbalanced half udders. The highest reduction in skin temperature was observed at the teat orifice (−1.06 ± 0.05) and the lowest at the teat barrel (−0.37 ± 0.05). The teats with long barrels showed more IRT reactions, which clearly indicates poor adaptation to the liners used. In conclusion, the IRT was not able to detect mastitis, but it is a good tool to diagnose the effects of the milking machine in order to adapt milking equipment and settings to the goats and improve their welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal–Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis

Marnet,

Velasquez,

Dzidic

2024

Animals

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Effect of Weeping Teats on Intramammary Infection and Somatic Cell Score in Dairy Goats

et al. 2021

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Mastitis is the most common disease affecting dairy goats and causing economic losses. Although it is accepted that increased somatic cell count (SCC) is mainly a response to infection, its reliability for subclinical mastitis detection in goats is controversial. Indeed, many physiological and extrinsic variables can increase SCC, including breed, parity, age, stage of lactation, seasonal variations, and milking methods. In some animals, milk-secreting tissue is present in the wall of the teat and, in some instances, milk can filter through pores in the skin to the udder surface. This condition is known as “weeping teat” (WT). In these animals, mammary tissue might be prone to develop bacterial infections, although limited information is provided. Weeping teat seems to have a genetic background and is reported to be especially found in goat breeds selected for high milk production. Moreover, it is observed a genetic correlation between WT and decreased milk yield as well as increased somatic cell scores (SCS). Since information on this topic is very limited, this study aimed at investigating any possible relationship between WT, high SCC, and the presence of bacteria in goat milk. Alpine goat farms in Northern Italy were selected based on the presence of WT. Each herd was divided into two age-matched groups, identified as case (WT+) and control (WT–). Half-udder milk samples were collected aseptically at three timepoints; bacteriological analysis was performed, and SCC were determined and transformed in SCS. There was a positive association between SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk (P = 0.037) overall, whereas WT udder defect was associated with positive bacterial culture in just one herd (P = 0.053). Thus, this herd was further investigated, repeating the sampling and the analysis on the following year. The positive association between high SCS and the presence of bacteria in milk was then confirmed (P = 0.007), whereas no association with WT condition was found. These results indicate that WT defect is usually unrelated to both the outcome of milk bacterial culture and SCS. As a side outcome, we could confirm the role of bacterial infection in increasing SCS.

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Diseases of the mammary gland

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal–Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis

Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal–Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis

Effect of Weeping Teats on Intramammary Infection and Somatic Cell Score in Dairy Goats

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