Diseases of the central nervous system caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and other arenaviruses

Wilson, Michael R.; Peters, C. J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53488-0.00033-x

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…It is not unprecedented for a viral disease with overt hemorrhagic signs to also affect the brain. Lassa virus, Junin virus, and other hemorrhagic arenaviruses enter the brain and cause neurological symptoms that can include encephalitis, hearing loss, and tremors [41,42]. Similar to our observations in CCHFV brain infection of SGM3 humanized mice, Junin virus also infects astrocytes, and neurodegenerative reactive astrogliosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute and late neurological symptoms in Junin virus infection [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Humanized Mice Reveals Glial Cells as Primary Targets of Neurological Infection

Spengler

Keating

McElroy

et al. 2017

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic disease seen exclusively in humans. Central nervous system (CNS) infection and neurological involvement have also been reported in CCHF. In the current study, we inoculated NSG-SGM3 mice engrafted with human hematopoietic CD34+ stem cells with low-passage CCHF virus strains isolated from human patients. In humanized mice, lethal disease develops, characterized by histopathological change in the liver and brain. To date, targets of neurological infection and disease have not been investigated in CCHF. CNS disease in humanized mice was characterized by gliosis, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis, and glial cells were identified as principal targets of infection. Humanized mice represent a novel lethal model for studies of CCHF countermeasures, and CCHF-associated CNS disease. Our data suggest a role for astrocyte dysfunction in neurological disease and identify key regions of infection in the CNS for future investigations of CCHF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Humanized Mice Reveals Glial Cells as Primary Targets of Neurological Infection

Spengler

Keating

McElroy

et al. 2017

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…However, investigating its role in MS is more difficult due to low titres and short presence of LCMV in the CSF. 131 In our opinion, this might indicate a "hit-and-run" mechanism. On the other hand, recent in silico predictions show high sequence and structural similarity between LCMV's nucleoprotein and specific myelin basic protein (MBP) residues.…”

Section: Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (Lcmv)mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…132 Murine models of chronic LCMV infection have given rise to two Nobel Prizes. 131 The virus is thought to activate microglia and astrocytes in the CNS via a TLR2-mediated cascade. 133 Moreover, LCMV blocks induction of type 1 interferon and consequential upregulation of HLA class II.…”

Section: Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (Lcmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses and endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis: From correlation to causation

et al. 2017

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Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease with an environmental component. According to a long-standing but unproven hypothesis dating to initial descriptions of multiple sclerosis (MS) at the end of the 19th century, viruses are either directly or indirectly implicated in MS pathogenesis. Whether viruses in MS are principally causal or simply contributory remains to be proven, but many viruses or viral elements-predominantly Epstein-Barr virus, human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) but also less common viruses such as Saffold and measles viruses-are associated with MS. Here, we present an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the main candidate viruses implicated in MS pathogenesis and summarize how these viruses might cause or lead to the hallmark demyelinating and inflammatory lesions of MS. We review data from epidemiological, animal and in vitro studies and in doing so offer a transdisciplinary approach to the topic. We argue that it is crucially important not to interpret "absence of evidence" as "evidence of absence" and that future studies need to focus on distinguishing correlative from causative associations. Progress in the MS-virus field is expected to arise from an increasing body of knowledge on the interplay between viruses and HERVs in MS. Such interactions suggest common HERV-mediated pathways downstream of viral infection that cause both neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. We also comment on the limitations of existing studies and provide future research directions for the field.

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“…Este fenotipo clínico, característico de las infecciones por LCMV, está mediado por anticuerpos y ocurre cuando los animales se infectan antes o inmediatamente después del nacimiento. La infección del timo resulta en el desarrollo de células T tolerantes al LCMV sin función efectora para destruir las células infectadas, producir citocinas y reclutar células mononucleares en el sitio de la replicación viral, lo cual genera incapacidad para eliminar el virus (34). Mientras esta reacción de los linfocitos T citotóxicos está deshabilitada, se producen anticuerpos antivirales que circulan en el suero y forman complejos inmunitarios (35) que no son detectados fácilmente con la prueba serológica empleada en este estudio, fenómeno que podría explicar el hecho de haber obtenido secuencias de LCMV a partir de varios ratones seronegativos en la prueba ELISA.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

First evidence of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (Arenaviruses) infection in Mus musculus rodents captured in the urban area of the municipality of Sincelejo-Sucre, Colombia

et al. 2016

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Contribución de los autores:Anaís Castellar: revisión de la literatura científica, recolección y análisis de datos y redacción del manuscrito Marco Guevara y Esteban Arroyave: trabajo de campo y organización de los datos Juan D. Rodas y Andrés Londoño: trabajo de laboratorio, asesoría en la revisión y aportes a la discusión Francisco J. Díaz: revisión crítica y asesoría del contenido, aportes a la discusión y análisis filogenéticos. Silvana Levis: donación de reactivos no comerciales y asesoría en los ensayos, revisión crítica y aportes a la discusión Pedro J. Blanco: contribución en el diseño del estudio, participación en la fase de campo y revisión crítica del manuscrito Results: We found a 10% seroprevalence (8/80) and the viral genome was detected in 16 brain samples; the alignment (BLAST) and the phylogenetic analysis (MrBayes, version 3.2.2) confirmed the presence of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Conclusion:The results indicated that human infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in humans could occur in the urban area of Sincelejo, although no cases have been reported so far.

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Diseases of the central nervous system caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and other arenaviruses

Cited by 25 publications

References 96 publications

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Humanized Mice Reveals Glial Cells as Primary Targets of Neurological Infection

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Humanized Mice Reveals Glial Cells as Primary Targets of Neurological Infection

Viruses and endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis: From correlation to causation

First evidence of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (Arenaviruses) infection in Mus musculus rodents captured in the urban area of the municipality of Sincelejo-Sucre, Colombia

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