Diseases of Rice

Nyvall, Robert F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5221-2_14

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight caused by F. graminearum has been classified into two types: type I is the resistance to initial infection and type II is the resistance to fungal spread within the head (Schroeder and Christensen 1963). In the rice - F. fujikuroi pathosystem, disease symptoms such as abnormal elongation or stunting have been associated with gibberellin (GA), fusaric acid, fumonisins and/or novel secondary metabolites produced by F. fujikuroi (Nyvall 1989; Niehaus et al 2017). The morphological changes of infected seedlings (i.e., the observed disease severity) may be affected by not only the quantities/types of fungal secondary metabolites (which are related to the level of F. fujikuroi colonization) but also the sensitivity of the host in responding to them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem

Chen

Lai

Tung

et al. 2019

Rice

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BackgroundRice bakanae disease has emerged as a new threat to rice production. In recent years, an increase in the occurrence and severity of bakanae disease has been reported in several areas in Asia. Although bakanae disease affects rice yield and quality, little is known about the genetics of bakanae resistance in rice. The lack of large-scale screens for bakanae resistance in rice germplasm has also limited the development and deployment of resistant varieties.ResultsA genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify genes/loci conferring bakanae resistance in rice. A total of 231 diverse accessions from Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) were inoculated with a highly virulent Taiwanese Fusarium fujikuroi isolate and assessed for resistance using two parameters: (1) disease severity index based on visual rating and (2) colonization rate determined by reisolation of F. fujikuroi from the basal stems of infected rice seedlings. We identified 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (10 for disease severity and 4 for colonization rate), including 1 mapped for both parameters. A total of 206 candidate genes were identified within the 14 QTLs, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing and NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) proteins, hormone-related genes, transcription factor genes, ubiquitination-related genes, and oxidase/oxidoreductase genes. In addition, a candidate QTL (qBK1.7) that co-localized with the previously identified QTLs qBK1 and qFfR1, was verified by linkage analysis using a population of 132 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 x Nipponbare. GWAS delineated qBK1.7 to a region of 8239 bp containing three genes. Full-length sequencing across qBK1.7 in 20 rice accessions revealed that the coding regions of two LRR-containing genes Os01g0601625 and Os01g0601675 may be associated with bakanae resistance.ConclusionsThis study facilitates the exploitation of bakanae resistance resources in RDP1. The information on the resistance performance of 231 rice accessions and 14 candidate QTLs will aid efforts to breed resistance to bakanae and uncover resistance mechanisms. Quantification of the level of F. fujikuroi colonization in addition to the conventional rating of visual symptoms offers new insights into the genetics of bakanae resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem

Chen

Lai

Tung

et al. 2019

Rice

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“…In addition, plant stress from high planting density and floodwater removal before harvesting exacerbates disease problems. Yield losses vary from minimal to severe depending on the disease and environmental conditions (Bowden et al., 1984; Johnson & Percich, 1992; Kohls et al., 1987; Nyvall, 1999). Foliar diseases, for example, diminish photosynthetic capability, leading to reduced grain filling.…”

Section: Significant Biotic Constraints In Cultivated Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stalks may become lodged and infected panicles or florets reduce or abolish grain filling. While NWR diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses (Nyvall, 1999; Percich & Nyvall, 1995; Samac & Castell‐Miller, 2023), fungal diseases, mainly belonging to the genus Bipolaris , are the most devastating, inflicting severe grain yield losses if left uncontrolled.…”

Section: Significant Biotic Constraints In Cultivated Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathogen can infect most aerial parts of the plant (Johnson & Percich, 1992) except caryopsides (Nyvall et al., 1995). On leaves, FBS symptoms appear as small purple‐brown spots, that enlarge into oval, oblong, or diamond shaped‐lesions with brown to tan necrotic centers frequently surrounded by chlorotic halos (Figure 4b) (Johnson & Percich, 1992; Nyvall, 1999). The fungus is polycyclic if humidity is high (70–100%) and warm temperatures (28°C to 30°C) persist during the growing season (Nyvall et al., 1995).…”

Section: Significant Biotic Constraints In Cultivated Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Northern Wild Rice (Zizania palustris L.) breeding, genetics, and conservation

et al. 2023

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Cultivated Northern Wild Rice (NWR; Zizania palustris L.) is a high‐value, small commodity crop grown in irrigated paddies, primarily in Minnesota and California. Domestication of the species began ∼60 years ago as demand for the nutritional grain outpaced hand‐harvesting efforts from lakes and rivers in the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Cultivated NWR cultivars are open‐pollinated and highly heterogeneous and have primarily been bred for seed retention, yield, and seed size. As a lowland crop, NWR's life cycle, particularly its unique seed physiology, poses challenges to breeding efforts, limiting selection cycles per year, and requiring annual grow‐outs of all germplasm. Recent efforts have increased the genomic resources available to NWR researchers, including a reference genome assembly and methodology optimization for genotyping‐by‐sequencing technologies. The species’ close phylogenetic relationship with white rice (Oryza sativa) also provides a unique opportunity to utilize comparative genomic approaches to identify genes conferring agronomic traits of interest in NWR, particularly domestication traits such as seed retention. Z. palustris is an enigmatic species with regional ecological, cultural, and agricultural significance in the Great Lakes. As NWR is grown in both the centers of origin and diversity, it is important for NWR plant breeders to be good stewards of our domesticated plants and include a diversity of stakeholders in our decision‐making processes. In this work, we have aimed to unpack some of the disputes regarding the breeding of cultivated NWR and the science behind our work. Additionally, we have discussed conservation efforts for natural stands of NWR which will help preserve the many ecosystem, nutritional, spiritual, and economic services provided by this important species.

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“…The stages of development, Rice blast is a polycyclic disease depending on favorable conditions [5]. The pathogen survives winter as conidia or mycelium on diseased rice stubble, seed or in alive plants [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Pathogenicity, Phylogenetic Relationship and Host Fungal Rice Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea

Ahmad

Raqeeb

Qasim

2017

JBMOA

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Magnaporthe grisea is the most devastating pathogen of rice in all over the world, and the principal model organism for elucidating the molecular source of fungal disease of plants. This study, we report the draft sequence of the M. grisea genome. Examination of the gene set facilitates an insight into the adaptations essential by a fungus to source disease. The genome encodes a huge and varied set of secreted proteins, with those defined by remarkable carbohydrate-binding domains. This fungus also possesses a prolonged family of G-protein-coupled receptors, numerous novel virulence-associated genes and huge suites of enzymes occupied in secondary metabolism. Consistent with a function in fungal pathogenesis, the expression of a number of these genes up regulated during the early stages of infection-related development. The M.grisea genome has been subject to invasion and proliferation of active transposable elements, reflecting the colonel nature of this fungus imposed by widespread rice cultivation. The study will be helpful to describe phylogenetic relations, pathogenicity, and genome analysis, drug design against diseases caused by fungi and cDNA synthesis and amplification to desired targets. Keywords:

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Diseases of Rice

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem

Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem

Northern Wild Rice (Zizania palustris L.) breeding, genetics, and conservation

Comparative Analysis of Pathogenicity, Phylogenetic Relationship and Host Fungal Rice Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea

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