Disease X: A hidden but inevitable creeping danger

Tahir, Muhammad Junaid; Sawal, Imaduddin; Essar, Mohammad Yasir; Jabbar, Abdul; Ullah, Irfan; Ahmed, Aziza

doi:10.1017/ice.2021.342

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…mitigating deforestation and putting regulations on and limiting animal trade. That kind of preventative measures is worth taking -first, they help mitigate damage from outbreaks and minimalize morbidity, second -it is cheaper to prevent than to manage with results of zoonotic spillover [1,6].…”

Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The disease X: waiting for the next pandemic

Iskra

Pachnia²,

Drop

et al. 2022

Pol J Public Health

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In 2008 the WHO published a report on infectious diseases against which there is no effective treatment or vaccines and therefore – diseases able to cause pandemic. In addition, so called disease X was mentioned – potentially deadly, with no herd immunity against it, holding pandemic potential, unknown in medicine yet. In 2019 such disease X was COVID-19. There is a plausibility, that next pandemic will be induced by zoonotic RNA virus (alike SARS-CoV-2) infecting people in place of intensified human-animal contacts (like high-density animal farming) without proper legal regulations in terms of animal husbandry and high population density. Also in the past major pandemics in XX and XXI centuries were result of zoonotic transmissions (HIV/AIDS, SARS, MERS, Spanish flu, avian flu, swine flu, Ebola). The key in risk recognising is governments and international healthcare agencies’ reaction – proper countermeasures to control pandemic range should be taken. Animal trade should be legally regulated and deforestation limited. There is also an urgent need for funding R&D studies on diseases listed by the WHO.

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Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The disease X: waiting for the next pandemic

Iskra

Pachnia²,

Drop

et al. 2022

Pol J Public Health

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“…It is a concept that a serious global epidemic could possibly be caused by a “pathogen X,” which is presently unidentified and capable of infecting humans. The pathogen X, which is most likely a zoonotic agent, is supposed to be the etiological agent of Disease X with epidemic or pandemic potential ( 1 , 2 ). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) diseases directory, Disease X is considered among highly contagious diseases such as Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19 ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Disease X” and prevention policies

Zaman,

Ali,

Ilyas

2024

Front. Public Health

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“…A well-known example of this would be H1N1, which contained genetic material from human, avian, and swine origin, involving wildlife, pig farming, animal movement, and farm workers [16]. Therefore, in the last couple of years or so, works in this field have also focused on predicting what type of pathogen might be responsible for Disease X, with an aim to create, implement, and evaluate countermeasures that would help control the potential pandemic at a faster rate than previous pandemics, such as COVID-19 [17][18][19]. Simpson et al [20] stated that Disease X is likely to occur due to one or more of these risk factors-human interactions with wildlife, the production of goods derived from animals with minimal oversight of workers and an unclear supply chain, bug and tick vectors, extremely high population densities, and limited surveillance and laboratory capacities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Large-Scale Dataset of Search Interests Related to Disease X Originating from Different Geographic Regions

Thakur,

Cui,

Patel

et al. 2023

Data

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The World Health Organization (WHO) added Disease X to their shortlist of blueprint priority diseases to represent a hypothetical, unknown pathogen that could cause a future epidemic. During different virus outbreaks of the past, such as COVID-19, Influenza, Lyme Disease, and Zika virus, researchers from various disciplines utilized Google Trends to mine multimodal components of web behavior to study, investigate, and analyze the global awareness, preparedness, and response associated with these respective virus outbreaks. As the world prepares for Disease X, a dataset on web behavior related to Disease X would be crucial to contribute towards the timely advancement of research in this field. Furthermore, none of the prior works in this field have focused on the development of a dataset to compile relevant web behavior data, which would help to prepare for Disease X. To address these research challenges, this work presents a dataset of web behavior related to Disease X, which emerged from different geographic regions of the world, between February 2018 and August 2023. Specifically, this dataset presents the search interests related to Disease X from 94 geographic regions. These regions were chosen for data mining as these regions recorded significant search interests related to Disease X during this timeframe. The dataset was developed by collecting data using Google Trends. The relevant search interests for all these regions for each month in this time range are available in this dataset. This paper also discusses the compliance of this dataset with the FAIR principles of scientific data management. Finally, an analysis of this dataset is presented to uphold the applicability, relevance, and usefulness of this dataset for the investigation of different research questions in the interrelated fields of Big Data, Data Mining, Healthcare, Epidemiology, and Data Analysis with a specific focus on Disease X.

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Disease X: A hidden but inevitable creeping danger

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

The disease X: waiting for the next pandemic

The disease X: waiting for the next pandemic

“Disease X” and prevention policies

A Large-Scale Dataset of Search Interests Related to Disease X Originating from Different Geographic Regions

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