Disease resistance to bacterial pathogens affected by the amount of ferredoxin‐I protein in plants

Huang, Heng‐Tsung Danny; Ger, Mang‐Jye; Chen, Chao‐Ying; Pandey, Ajay Kumar; Yip, Mei-Kuen; Chou, Hung‐Wen; Feng, Tao

doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2006.00378.x

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…At the protein level, leaf Fd contents were shown to decline in tobacco after inoculation with virulent Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Huang et al, 2007) and tobacco mosaic virus (Ma et al, 2008). Besides photosynthetic Fds, plants contain additional Fd isoforms involved in nitrite reduction and other assimilatory pathways (e.g., AtFd3 of Arabidopsis).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast Redox Status Modulates Genome-Wide Plant Responses during the Non-host Interaction of Tobacco with the Hemibiotrophic Bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

et al. 2017

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Non-host resistance is the most ample and durable form of plant resistance against pathogen infection. It includes induction of defense-associated genes, massive metabolic reprogramming, and in many instances, a form of localized cell death (LCD) at the site of infection, purportedly designed to limit the spread of biotrophic and hemibiotrophic microorganisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed to act as signals for LCD orchestration. They are produced in various cellular compartments including chloroplasts, mitochondria and apoplast. We have previously reported that down-regulation of ROS build-up in chloroplasts by expression of a plastid-targeted flavodoxin (Fld) suppressed LCD in tobacco leaves inoculated with the non-host bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), while other defensive responses were unaffected, suggesting that chloroplast ROS and/or redox status play a major role in the progress of LCD. To better understand these effects, we compare here the transcriptomic alterations caused by Xcv inoculation on leaves of Fld-expressing tobacco plants and their wild-type siblings. About 29% of leaf-expressed genes were affected by Xcv and/or Fld. Surprisingly, 5.8% of them (1,111 genes) were regulated by Fld in the absence of infection, presumably representing pathways responsive to chloroplast ROS production and/or redox status during normal growth conditions. While the majority (∼75%) of pathogen-responsive genes were not affected by Fld, many Xcv responses were exacerbated, attenuated, or regulated in opposite direction by expression of this protein. Particularly interesting was a group of 384 genes displaying Xcv responses that were already triggered by Fld in the absence of infection, suggesting that the transgenic plants had a larger and more diversified suite of constitutive defenses against the attacking microorganism compared to the wild type. Fld modulated many genes involved in pathogenesis, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and hormone-based pathways. Remarkable interactions with proteasomal protein degradation were observed. The results provide the first genome-wide, comprehensive picture illustrating the relevance of chloroplast redox status in biotic stress responses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast Redox Status Modulates Genome-Wide Plant Responses during the Non-host Interaction of Tobacco with the Hemibiotrophic Bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

et al. 2017

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“…Since harpin induces ferredoxin kinase activity in in vitro assays (56), it is entirely possible that ferredoxin reductase and other enzymes associated with ferredoxin-mediated are modulated during the death response. The observation that transgenic tobacco with reduced ferredoxin levels are more susceptible to pathogens (57) is consistent with this hypothesis.…”

Section: Harpin Elicitation Inactivates Psii and Induces Ros Accumulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and Oxygen Are Not Required for Harpin-induced Cell Death

Garmier

Priault²,

Vidal³

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Nicotiana sylvestris leaves challenged by the bacterial elicitor harpin N Ea were used as a model system in which to determine the respective roles of light, oxygen, photosynthesis, and respiration in the programmed cell death response in plants. The appearance of cell death markers, such as membrane damage, nuclear fragmentation, and induction of the stress-responsive element Tnt1, was observed in all conditions. However, the cell death process was delayed in the dark compared with the light, despite a similar accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the chloroplasts. In contrast, harpin-induced cell death was accelerated under very low oxygen (<0.1% O 2 ) compared with air. Oxygen deprivation impaired accumulation of chloroplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of cytosolic antioxidant genes in both the light and the dark. It also attenuates the collapse of photosynthetic capacity and the respiratory burst driven by mitochondrial alternative oxidase activity observed in air. Since alternative oxidase is known to limit overreduction of the respiratory chain, these results strongly suggest that mitochondrial ROS accumulate in leaves elicited under low oxygen. We conclude that the harpin-induced cell death does not require ROS accumulation in the apoplast or in the chloroplasts but that mitochondrial ROS could be important in the orchestration of the cell suicide program.Light and oxygen are generally considered to be important in the responses of plants to environmental stress, principally because they are involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 4 and associated molecular and biochemical changes. ROS are central to redox sensing during biotic and abiotic stress responses, and they act as second messengers in the activation of signal transduction pathways. ROS activate mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades that phosphorylate a variety of proteins involved in plant growth and development as well as death responses (1). High ROS levels can trigger the appearance of programmed cell death (PCD) and the induction of caspase activation in animals (2) and the activation of the ubiquitin/26 S proteasome system in plants (3). The cellular compartmentation of ROS production in PCD responses has been extensively investigated. For example, it has been established that ROS are generated in the apoplast during the oxidative burst that often accompanies plant PCD responses (4). It is widely accepted that this oxidative burst is caused by activation of DPI-sensitive NADPH oxidase-like enzymes (5) and/or the activation of various extracellular oxidases and peroxidases (6) linked to the spontaneous or enzyme-catalyzed dismutation of superoxide to H 2 O 2 . However, clear cause and effect relationships between apoplastic ROS production and the execution of cell death have never been established, and ROS have been suggested to be involved in the spread of cell death rather than in the death process per se (7).Other possible sites of ROS production are the chloroplasts and mitochond...

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“…An example of Proteome Discover data output of a differentially redox regulated protein is shown in Figure 3. This protein is a known redox regulated protein ferredoxin-1 14 and has been shown to play a role in defense against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato 15 . Peak intensity between control and inoculated samples is used to obtain relative quantification, which showed significant changes in ferredoxin-1 redox regulation (p< 0.05).…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling Thiol Redox Proteome Using Isotope Tagging Mass Spectrometry

Parker

Zhu

et al. 2012

JoVE

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Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 not only causes bacterial speck disease in Solanum lycopersicum but also on Brassica species, as well as on Arabidopsis thaliana, a genetically tractable host plant 1,2 . The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cotyledons inoculated with DC3000 indicates a role of ROS in modulating necrotic cell death during bacterial speck disease of tomato . Cysteine is an important amino acid sensitive to redox changes. Under mild oxidation, reversible oxidation of cysteine sulfhydryl groups serves as redox sensors and signal transducers that regulate a variety of physiological processes 6,7 . Tandem mass tag (TMT) reagents enable concurrent identification and multiplexed quantitation of proteins in different samples using tandem mass spectrometry 8,9 . The cysteine-reactive TMT (cysTMT) reagents enable selective labeling and relative quantitation of cysteine-containing peptides from up to six biological samples. Each isobaric cysTMT tag has the same nominal parent mass and is composed of a sulfhydryl-reactive group, a MS-neutral spacer arm and an MS/MS reporter 10 . After labeling, the samples were subject to protease digestion. The cysteine-labeled peptides were enriched using a resin containing anti-TMT antibody. During MS/MS analysis, a series of reporter ions (i.e., 126-131 Da) emerge in the low mass region, providing information on relative quantitation. The workflow is effective for reducing sample complexity, improving dynamic range and studying cysteine modifications. Here we present redox proteomic analysis of the Pst DC3000 treated tomato (Rio Grande) leaves using cysTMT technology. This high-throughput method has the potential to be applied to studying other redox-regulated physiological processes. Video LinkThe 1% Glycerol, 1.5 g K 2 HPO 4 , 18 g Agar) and grown for two days at 28 °C. A single colony is collected, mixed into 300μl liquid Kings B Medium (20 g Proteose peptone, 0.1975 g MgSO 4 , 10 mL Glycerol, 10 mL of 100x K 2 HPO 4 stock (1.5 g of K 2 HPO 4 in 10 mL of H 2 O ), and spread onto a Kings B Medium plate. This is cultured over night at 28 °C. 4. The bacteria inoculum is prepared by scraping the cultured bacteria from the KBM plate into 20 mL H 2 O. An OD 600 of 0.03 (~10 6 cfu/ml) is prepared in 1 L of inoculation buffer (10 mM MgCl 2 + 400 μL Silwett-70). Inoculation buffer minus bacteria was prepared for the control solution. Inoculation of Tomato with Pst and H 2 O 2 Histochemical Stain1. Four week old plants were inoculated by dipping into the above inoculation solution for 30 seconds. Clear plastic bags were put over the plants immediately after inoculation.

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Disease resistance to bacterial pathogens affected by the amount of ferredoxin‐I protein in plants

Cited by 38 publications

References 48 publications

Chloroplast Redox Status Modulates Genome-Wide Plant Responses during the Non-host Interaction of Tobacco with the Hemibiotrophic Bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

Chloroplast Redox Status Modulates Genome-Wide Plant Responses during the Non-host Interaction of Tobacco with the Hemibiotrophic Bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

Light and Oxygen Are Not Required for Harpin-induced Cell Death

Profiling Thiol Redox Proteome Using Isotope Tagging Mass Spectrometry

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