DISEASE NOTES OR NEW RECORDS: Ergot on Sorghum spp. in Australia

Ryley, M. J.; Alcorn, J.L.; Kochman, J. K.; Kong, Gary; Thompson, S. M.

doi:10.1071/ap96038

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This study addresses the above-mentioned issue and reports findings obtained from experiments conducted near Gatton, Queensland, where the first Australian ergot outbreak was observed in 1996 (Ryley et al 1996). In this paper we report on the physiologically based relations between sorghum growth and development, ergot infection, and weather conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Consequently, the relationships between ergot severity and climatic variables during natural infection would be expected to be different from those obtained from the genotype test where all flowering panicles were inoculated. However, the equations retrospectively predicted severe ergot outbreaks, which occurred at Gatton in mid April 1996 (Ryley et al 1996) and at Monto, central Queensland, in late April-early May 1997 (M. Ryley, unpubl.data).…”

Section: The Regression Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sorghum ergot, a disease caused by the fungus Claviceps africana (Frederickson et al 1991), was first recorded in Australia in April 1996 (Ryley et al 1996). It had been found in all sorghum regions of Australia, except seed production areas in southern New South Wales and the Ord River until 1997 (Ryley and Henzell 1999), but it has recently been identified in both regions (M. Ryley, unpubl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Options for management of sorghum ergot are limited because there is no genetic resistance to the disease, and fungicides are economical only for seed production and parent seed blocks (Meinke and Ryley 1997). Management options, such as adjustment in planting dates to avoid the weather conditions favouring infection, and the use of agronomic practices that ensure uniform flowering, can minimise the impact of the disease (Ryley 1997). However, to manage the disease more effectively there is a need to better understand the underlying physiological processes involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On the relation between weather variables and sorghum ergot infection

Wang¹,

Meinke²,

Ryley³

et al. 2000

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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Sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) has had a significant impact on seed production and breeders’ nurseries in Australia since it was first found in 1996. In this paper, 3 distinct key development stages of sorghum that are related to ergot infection were identified: flag leaf stage, pollen starch accumulation stage, and flowering period. Relationships between weather variables during these 3 stages and ergot severity as well as pollen viability were analysed using observed data from 2 field trials, a serial planting trial and a genotype trial, conducted at Gatton, Queensland. The duration of the flag leaf stage and of the flowering period was estimated from thermal time. An infection factor was introduced and calculated based on hourly temperature during the flowering period. This infection factor and the mean relative humidity at 0900 hours during the flowering period were the main factors influencing ergot infection. Mean daily minimum temperature during flag leaf stage also had a significant effect on ergot severity, although no significant relation was found between this mean daily minimum temperature and pollen viability. A linear regression model using the above 3 factors accounted for 94% of the environmentally caused variation in ergot severity observed in the genotype trial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: The Regression Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

On the relation between weather variables and sorghum ergot infection

Wang¹,

Meinke²,

Ryley³

et al. 2000

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of livestock production systems, associated ergot alkaloid toxicities are not limited to pasture or feeding pasture products. While Claviceps Africana is widespread throughout Africa and Asia, the first reported case of toxicity was in Australian sorghum in 1996 (Ryley et al, 1996). The C. Africana-infested sorghum has been demonstrated to be detrimental to steer performance in Australian feedlots that utilize this feedstuff (Blaney et al, 2011) and is an example of how ergot-contaminated feed can distress intensive livestock production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%