Disease Management of Rusts and Powdery Mildews

Deising, H. B.; Reimann, Sven; Peil, Andreas; Weber, Wilhelm

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03059-2_13

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Hoisington et al (1999) Zur Ausschöpfung des Ertrags-und Qualitätspotentials kann bei resistenten Winterweizensorten auch unter hohem Befallsdruck der Fungizideinsatz gegen Braunrost unterbleiben oder erheblich durch Verringerung der Anzahl der Applikationen oder Senkung der Aufwandmenge reduziert werden (Hartleb et al 1995 Erreger und den entsprechenden Resistenzgenen (Deising et al 2002).…”

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New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete (Greece)

Bergmeier¹

2011

Willdenowia

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New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete (Greece)

Bergmeier¹

2011

Willdenowia

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“…The expression of efflux transporter genes has been shown to contribute to resistance against antifungal agents in several plant pathogens and in fungi infecting humans (5). Using drugs that are active on targets in the plasma membrane that are accessible directly from the periplasm,we expected to find no statistically relevant differences between the sensitivity levels of tebuconazole-adapted strains and those of nonadapted strains of C. graminicola.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Treatment of a Clinically Relevant Plant-Pathogenic Fungus with an Agricultural Azole Causes Cross-Resistance to Medical Azoles and Potentiates Caspofungin Efficacy

Serfling

Wohlrab

Deising

2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Azoles are extensively applied in agriculture and medicine, and a relationship between the development of azole resistance in agriculture and the development of azole resistance in clinical practice may exist. The maize pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola, causing cutaneous mycosis and keratitis, has been used to investigate the acquisition of resistance to an agricultural azole and the resulting cross-resistance to various medical antifungal agents. Azole-adapted strains were less sensitive to all azoles tested but showed increased sensitivity to caspofungin, amphotericin B, and nystatin. Viability staining and infection assays with excised human skin confirmed these data.Five plant-pathogenic Colletotrichum species, including Colletotrichum graminicola, have been reported to cause cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis and keratitis in humans and are of clinical relevance (2,8,9). Most Colletotrichum crassipes, C. gloeosporioides, C. coccodes, and C. dematium strains isolated from infected tissue displayed a major degree of resistance to all azoles tested (3).In modern agriculture, Colletotrichum species have been implicated in anthracnose plant diseases worldwide, with substantial economical losses (7). Among other antifungal agents, azoles have been used extensively to control Colletotrichum species (12). Azoles differing in structure but exhibiting the same mode of action are used to treat both fungal diseases of plants and medical mycoses. As keratitis caused by Colletotrichum infection occurs primarily after injury by plant material (8,9,19), it is tempting to speculate that azole-resistant strains isolated from human tissues may have developed in fungicidetreated fields (see the report on azole resistance published by the scientific steering committee of the European Commission [http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/ssc/out278_en.pdf]). As Colletotrichum species are exposed to azoles in agricultural environments and are of clinical relevance, these pathogens are well suited to investigate the acquisition of resistance to agricultural azoles and the resulting cross-resistance to antifungal agents of various different chemical classes and modes of action used in medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODSCultivation of C. graminicola and adaptation to tebuconazole. Wild-type C. graminicola isolate CgM2 was cultivated as described previously (24).To adapt C. graminicola to tebuconazole, 1 ϫ 10 6 conidia were inoculated into 50 ml complete medium (CM) (15) and incubated in darkness at 23°C for 7 days. Cultures were then transferred into fresh liquid CM with increasing tebuconazole concentrations (1 g ml Ϫ1 for 24 h, 5 g ml Ϫ1 for 96 h, and 20 g ml Ϫ1 for 1 h). The mycelium was blended (Ultra Turrax; IKA Labortechnik, Staufen, Germany) at level 5 for 30 s, further cultivated on solidified CM containing 5 g tebuconazole ml Ϫ1 and 8 g tebuconazole ml Ϫ1 for 4 weeks each, and maintained on CM plates containing 30 g tebuconazole ml Ϫ1 . Quantitative determination of drug sensitivity. Radial growth rates of nonadapted and matched, adapted isol...

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“…phytoalexins or phytoanticipins formed by plants as a response to pathogen attack (16,20,51). It is thus not surprising that these transporters also confer fungicide resistance (11)(12)(13). Two families of plasma membrane-localized efflux transporters are known to be involved in secretion of toxicants, i.e.…”

Section: Efflux Transporters Allow Fungi To Grow In the Presence Of Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of human civilization has been closely linked to cultivation of crops, and plant diseases have been a concern to mankind probably since plants were cultivated more than 10,000 years ago (12). Biblical accounts, at about 1870 BC, and records of the early Greek and Roman literature dating from approximately 500 BC, indicate that severe epidemics threatened crops and, as a consequence, people of that time (see also 27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decades, numerous cases of fungicide resistance have occurred world-wide, leading to losses of entire fungicide classes in several cases (Tab. 1) (12). At the onset of chemical plant protection, fungicides with several targets in the fungal cell (so called multi-side inhibitors) were released to the market, irrespective of their toxicity to humans and other organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanisms and significance of fungicide resistance

Deising¹,

Reimann²,

Pascholati³

2008

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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171

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In this review article, we show that occurrence of fungicide resistance is one of the most important issues in modern agriculture. Fungicide resistance may be due to mutations of genes encoding fungicide targets (qualitative fungicide resistance) or to different mechanisms that are induced by sub-lethal fungicide stress. These mechanisms result in different and varying levels of resistance (quantitative fungicide resistance). We discuss whether or not extensive use of fungicides in agricultural environments is related to the occurrence of fungicide resistance in clinical environments. Furthermore, we provide recommendations of how development of fungicide resistant pathogen populations may be prevented or delayed.

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Disease Management of Rusts and Powdery Mildews

Cited by 19 publications

References 160 publications

New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete (Greece)

New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete (Greece)

Treatment of a Clinically Relevant Plant-Pathogenic Fungus with an Agricultural Azole Causes Cross-Resistance to Medical Azoles and Potentiates Caspofungin Efficacy

Mechanisms and significance of fungicide resistance

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