Disease history of Gremmeniella abietina in a Pinus sylvestris stand

Kaitera, Juha; Jalkanen, Risto

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1992.tb00309.x

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The period of high mortality found in the present study coincides with the severe epidemic of Scleroderris canker on large trees in 1982-1986 reported by Kaitera & Jalkanen (1992). The damage in Scots pine plantations was most severe on the spruce sites and on high-altitude sites with low effective temperature sums (Uotila & Jalkanen 1982, Karlman et al 1994.…”

Section: Sur6i6al and Damagesupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Site Preparation and Reforestation Method on Survival and Height Growth of Scots Pine

Mäkitalo¹

1999

SFOR

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Effect of site preparation and reforestation method on sur6i6al and height growth of Scots pine.The influence of site preparation and reforestation method on the performance of Scots pine (Pinus syl6estris L.) was followed during 16 growing seasons in northern Finland using a split-plot design in randomized blocks. The site-preparation methods were prescribed burning (BURN), patch scarification (PATCH), disk trenching (DISK) and ploughing (PLOU). The reforestation methods were sowing (SOW) and planting with containerized seedlings (CON) and bare-rooted transplants (BARE). The reforestation was repeated in three successive years. A total of 72000 reforestation spots was sown or planted on the 288 plots using the reforestation density of 2500 spots ha − 1 . Four of the eight clear-cut forest sites were dryish pine-dominated sites and four were moist, formerly Norway spruce-dominated sites. After 16 growing seasons, average survival was 49% on the pine sites and 33% on the spruce sites. Site preparation significantly affected survival on the spruce sites (PLOU 44% \ DISK 23%) but not on the pine sites. The reforestation method had a significant effect only on the pine sites (CON 58%\SOW 36%). The effect of site preparation on mean height was significant on the pine (BURN 271 cm \DISK 222 cm) and spruce sites (PLOU 269, BURN 256 cm \DISK 212 cm). The differences between the reforestation methods were highly significant on the pine (BARE 295 cm\CON 261 cm\SOW 186 cm) and spruce sites (BARE 309 cm\ CON 255 cm\SOW 171 cm). The results of this study indicate that different site-preparation methods can be used successfully in Scots pine reforestation on dryish, formerly pine-dominated sites in northern Finland. Intensive site-preparation methods, such as ploughing or mounding, are needed if Scots pine is to be established on moist, formerly spruce-dominated sites. However, the low survival and wide variation in survival indicated that there is a high risk of failure on such sites.

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Section: Sur6i6al and Damagesupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Site Preparation and Reforestation Method on Survival and Height Growth of Scots Pine

Mäkitalo¹

1999

SFOR

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“…In the case of shoot dieback, NTM can not be used, or, at least, information is lost. For determining the Table 2 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 19721 971' 1970 Table 2b R. Jalkanen, T. Aalto and T. Kurkela ,1 , Year 199319921991198919881987198519841983198219811980197919781977197619751974197319721971 ity, assessed in 1977-1981, and needle loss during the first growing season as revealed by NTM in 1993. Vertieal bar = SD of mean history of shoot diseases, other methods, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertieal bar = SD of mean history of shoot diseases, other methods, e.g. the branch-analysis method described by KAITERA and JALKANEN (1992), should be used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of needle‐trace method (NTM) in retrospectively detecting Lophodermella needle‐cast epidemic

Jalkanen

Aalto

Kurkela

1994

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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“…Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerberg) Morelet (anamorph Brunchorstia pinea (P. Karsten) Höhnel) is a pathogenic fungus which has caused destruction in plantations and natural conifer forests in Northern and Central Europe, North America, and Japan (Yokota, 1975;Dorworth, 1979;Kaitera and Jalkanen, 1992) producing symptoms such as stem cankers and shoot dieback (Donaubauer, 1972). This fungus has been divided into three races: European, North American and Asian.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of putative mitoviruses on in vitro growth of Gremmeniella abietina isolates under different laboratory conditions

2012

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Mitoviruses have been found in several forest pathogens (i.e. Cryphonectria parasitica, Gremmeniella abietina), and because they have been shown to reduce the virulence of host fungi there is a growing interest in studying their use as a biocontrol. This study was carried out to test the effect of temperature (5°C, 15°C, 25°C and 35°C), pH (4, 5, 7 and 9) and osmotic potential (-0.6, -1.2, -1.8 and -2.4 MPa) on the mycelial growth of seven G. abietina isolates under controlled laboratory conditions. Four of the isolates hosted mitoviruses and three of them did not. During the experiment, mycelial growth was recorded every week for a period of 8 weeks. Results showed no differences in growth behavior between mitovirus infected and non-infected isolates when placed under different pH modifications. However, the mitovirus-infected isolates presented larger mycelial growth than the mitovirus-free ones when at the fungi's optimal growing temperature of 15°C. When growing at certain osmotic potentials (-0.6 and -1.8 MPa) a reduction in growth of the mitovirus-infected isolates was observed. The results of this experiment suggest that mycelial growth among non-infected isolates and isolates naturally infected by mitovirus vary under different culture conditions, thus providing further insight into the effects of mitovirus on Gremmeniella abietina isolates.Key words: mitoviruses; Scleroderris canker; in vitro; biological control; Gremmeniella abietina; dsRNA. Resumen Efecto de posibles mitovirus en el crecimiento in vitro de aislados de Gremmeniella abietina bajo diferentes condiciones de laboratorioLos mitovirus son virus exclusivamente fúngicos que han sido aislados de algunos patógenos forestales (i.e. Cryphonectria parasitica, Gremmeniella abietina) y ya que pueden reducir la virulencia del hongo existe un creciente interés por su posible papel como agentes de control biológico. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio para evaluar el efecto de la temperatura (5°C, 15°C, 25°C y 35°C), el pH (4, 5, 7 y 9) y el potencial osmótico (-0.6, -1.2, -1.8, -2.4 MPa) en el crecimiento micelial de siete aislados de G. abietina bajo condiciones controladas de laboratorio. Cuatro de los aislados albergaban mitovirus y tres de ellos no. Durante el experimento, el crecimiento micelial fue registrado semanalmente hasta completar 8 mediciones. Los aislados infectados con mitovirus presentaron mayor crecimiento micelial que los no infectados a la temperatura de crecimiento óptimo del hongo de 15°C. No se observaron efectos de la presencia de mitovirus entre los aislados infectados y los no infectados en los tratamientos de modificación del pH. Cuando se modificaron los potenciales osmóticos se observó una reducción del crecimiento micelial de los aislados infectados con mitovirus en los potenciales osmóticos de -0.6 y -1.8 MPa. Los resultados de este experimento sugieren que la presencia de los mitovirus afecta al crecimiento micelial del hongo bajo distintas condiciones de laboratorio. Este estudio proporciona un conocimiento más prof...

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Disease history of Gremmeniella abietina in a Pinus sylvestris stand

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of Site Preparation and Reforestation Method on Survival and Height Growth of Scots Pine

Effect of Site Preparation and Reforestation Method on Survival and Height Growth of Scots Pine

The use of needle‐trace method (NTM) in retrospectively detecting Lophodermella needle‐cast epidemic

Effect of putative mitoviruses on in vitro growth of Gremmeniella abietina isolates under different laboratory conditions

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