Disease frequencies in dairy cows in Sweden. II. Retained placenta

Farm characteristics related to on-farm cow mortality in dairy herds: a questionnaire study

“…Differences in disease susceptibility may be part of the explanations for this association, because Swedish Red cows have shown in several studies a lower incidence of common production-related diseases (Bendixen et al, 1987 and1988;Emanuelson et al, 1993;Nyman et al, 2007). The results in the present study demonstrated that the use of production pasture was associated with LM herds.…”

Clinical Disorders in Holstein Cows: Incidence and Associations among Lactational Risks Factors

“…Some papers occasionally mention lower incidence of a health disorder in individuals that suffered from and were treated because of a certain previous disease (Dohoo and Martin 1984;Bendixen et al 1987;Calavas et al 1996;Rajala and Gröhn 1998;Loeffler et al 1999).…”

“…Among important factors belong the breed as documented in Holstein and also other breeds (Saloniemi et al 1986;Bendixen et al 1987Bendixen et al , 1988Gröhn et al 1989Gröhn et al , 1990aGröhn et al , 1990bGröhn et al , 1994Oltenacu et al 1990;Rajala and Gröhn 1998). None of the above-mentioned studies, however, was carried out in Germany.…”

Scientific report on the effects of farming systems on dairy cow welfare and disease

“…Thus, zero-grazing can be considered to increase the likelihood of all of these health problems. In a large epidemiological study on Swedish dairy cows where tied cows were compared when tied and when kept on pasture during summer time with loose housed cows with no summer pasture (Bendixen et al, 1986a;1987a;1987b;1987c; there were no significant effects of access to pasture on the relative likelihood of parturient paresis (Bendixen et al, 1987b) or tramped teats (Bendixen et al, 1988b). However, tramped teats have been found to be lower in cows on pasture in other studies (Ekesbo, 1966;Geer and Grommers, 1975;Bendixen et al, 1986b).…”

“…Summer access to pasture has been found to reduce mortality of dairy cows in Denmark (Thomsen et al 2006;Thomsen et al, 2007). A number of epidemiological or experimental studies in different countries have found that lactating cows without access to pasture suffer from a higher incidence of a variety of health problems including mastitis (Bendixen et al, 1986b;Bendixen et al, 1988a;Waage et al, 1998;Barkema et al, 1999a;Washburn et al, 2002;White et al, 2002), tramped teats (Ekesbo, 1966;Geer and Grommers, 1975;Bendixen et al, 1986b), metritis (Bruun et al, 2002), Salmonella enterica infections (Veling et al, 2002), dystocia (Bendixen at al, 1986a), retained placenta (Bendixen et al, 1987a) and ketosis (Bendixen et al, 1987c). Hock and knee injuries are also more common when cows have no or limited access to pasture (Haskell et al, 2006, Rutherford et al, 2008.…”