Disease Association and Clinical Assessment of Feline Pericardial Effusion

Abstract

Records were reviewed from 83 cases to determine the main causes and clinical significance of feline pericardial effusion. The most common causes included hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure, neoplasia, and systemic infection. Most cases had concurrent or secondary pleural effusion or pulmonary edema, with clinical signs of respiratory disease. However, several cases appeared to be affected solely by pericardial effusion rather than pulmonary pathology. Feline pericardial effusion remains an infrequent diagnosis, but its clinical relevance and association with severe cardiac and extracardiac disease warrant diagnostic evaluation.

Resumos Do Xvi Enapave

“…A função cardíaca pode ser comprometida por doenças que acometem o pericárdio. As doenças cardíacas com origem no pericárdio representam de 1% a 2,3% da totalidade das cardiopatias que acometem os cães e gatos, sendo incomum no gato Davidson et al, 2008). Dentre as pericardiopatias a efusão pericárdica é o distúrbio mais frequente nos animais de companhia (mais de 90% do total), em relação a outras doenças pericárdicas, como as pericardites (Ware, 2006).…”

“…No caso do nosso trabalho, possivelmente, adveio de infecção pulmonar, contudo não foi possível confirmar, pois não foi feito cultura microbiológica. A pericardite purulenta é rara em felinos Davidson et al, 2008), existindo poucos relatos dessa doença nesses animais, desta forma justifica-se a importância do presente relato. CONCLUSÃO Conclui-se que a pericardite purulenta é rara em gato e que pode ocorrer devido infecções preexistentes, caracterizando-se macroscopicamente por líquido acinzentado de aspecto seroso e placa esbranquiçada aderida ao epicárdio e microscopicamente por reação celular difusa no epicárdio e tecido adiposo associado, além de material fibrilar acidofílico denso.…”

Bacterial pericarditis in a cat

“…1,2 The most common causes of pericardial effusion in cats results from congestive heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathic disease and neoplasia. 1 Other less frequently cited etiologies include trauma, disseminated intravascular coagulation, uremic pericarditis, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia, feline infectious peritonitis, coagulopathy, hypoalbuminemia and infective pericarditis. Infective pericarditis includes viral, bacterial, fungal or parasitic colonization of the pericardium, and is rarely reported in cats.…”

Treatment of feline asthma with ciclosporin in a cat with diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure

“…, mild-tomoderate mitral valve regurgitation and mild pericardial effusion, a common manifestation of CHF in cats. 8,9 Thoracic radiographic and echocardiographic findings were suggestive of concurrent left-sided CHF and lower airway disease. Although the patient was mildly tachypneic at presentation, it was not in respiratory distress and was considered stable for discharge from the hospital without the need for oxygen therapy.…”

“…An echocardiogram (ECG; GE Vivid 7) was performed and revealed severe global left ventricular hypertrophy, severe left atrial (LA) enlargement (LA diameter to aortic [Ao] diameter ratio [LA/Ao] = 2.35 [RI <1.5], LA long axis diameter [LA LAX ] = 2.23 cm [RI <1.6 cm]), mild-tomoderate mitral valve regurgitation and mild pericardial effusion, a common manifestation of CHF in cats. 8,9 Abstract A 5-year-old domestic shorthair cat that had been previously diagnosed with diabetes mellitus was presented for episodes of coughing and respiratory distress. Diagnostic testing revealed congestive heart failure secondary to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and concurrent asthma.…”