Discussion of “Physio-Chemical Properties, Consolidation, and Stabilization of Tropical Peat Soil Using Traditional Soil Additives — A State of the Art Literature Review” by Afnan Ahmada, Muslich Hartadi Sutantoa, Mohammed Ali Mohammed Al-Bareda, Indra Sati Hamonangan Harahapa, Seyed Vahid Alavi Nezhad Khalil Abada, Mudassir Ali Khana

O’Kelly, Brendan C.

doi:10.1007/s12205-022-2313-5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Subsequently, the organic content is calculated by subtracting the value of AC from 100%. O'Kelly [43] stated that for peat and organic soils, the measurements obtained from a series of laboratory tests, i.e., natural moisture content, organic content, and its degree of decomposition, are more appropriate parameters to reflect the geoengineering behavior of organic soils. Typical soil index properties such as liquid limit and plastic limit (or consistency limits) are unsuitable for organic soils and better suited for clayey or silty soils.…”

Section: Natural Moisture Content and Organic Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and Microstructural Characterization of Klias Peat, Lumadan POFA, and GGBFS for Geopolymer Based Soil Stabilization

Amaludin,

Asrah,

Mohamad

et al. 2023

HighTech. Innov. J.

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Peat soils are highly heterogeneous and considered problematic because they have a high moisture content and low shear strength. It requires stabilization to enhance its engineering properties before it is transformed into a viable construction material. The use of geopolymers as stabilizer materials for weak soils has been on the rise recently due to their low carbon footprint compared to the use of conventional stabilizer materials like cement. Geopolymerization occurs as a result of the alkali activation of aluminosilicate materials. In this study, peat soil and the aluminosilicate materials Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) are characterized to assess their suitability as geopolymer precursor materials. A series of laboratory studies were carried out to determine the physicochemical properties of the materials, such as particle size distribution, moisture and organic content, specific gravity, pH, and electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the XRD, XRF, and FESEM tests were carried out to ascertain the mineral characteristics, elemental chemical composition, and morphological characteristics of these materials, respectively. The peat soil is classified as hemic peat with sufficient aluminosilicate content (Si/Al ratio of 2.11). The POFA is identified as Class F pozzolan with adequate Si+Al+Fe oxide content (67.9%), as stipulated by ASTM C618. The GGBFS material was found to be appropriate for geopolymer production, with a Si/Al ratio of 2.17, a hydration modulus of 2.38 (good hydration), and a basicity coefficient of 1.32 (alkaline material favorable for geopolymerization). Based on the geopolymer precursor material suitability assessment criteria, all the materials assessed were deemed suitable for geopolymerization, and the effectiveness of POFA-GGBFS geopolymer to improve peat soil properties should be studied in depth. At present, there are limited studies pertaining to the use of alkali-activated POFA-GGBFS blends to improve peat soil properties. As a result of this material characterization phase, planned works involving the compressive strength testing program on alkali-activated POFA-GGBFS-peat soil blends at ambient temperature will be carried out in the near future. The eventual aim of this research is to remediate the peat soil to be repurposed as road subgrade material. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-02-07 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Natural Moisture Content and Organic Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and Microstructural Characterization of Klias Peat, Lumadan POFA, and GGBFS for Geopolymer Based Soil Stabilization

Amaludin,

Asrah,

Mohamad

et al. 2023

HighTech. Innov. J.

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Comments on ‘Strength and Deformation Behavior of Fine-Grained Soils Reinforced with Hair Fibers and Its Application in Pavement Design’ by Ayothiraman et al. [Journal of Natural Fibers, DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2021.1954129]

O’Kelly

Soltani

2022

Journal of Natural Fibers

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Theory of liquid and plastic limits for fine soils, methods of determination and outlook

O’Kelly

2024

Geotechnical Research

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Albert Atterberg introduced various consistency limits (state transitions) for fine-grained soil in the 1910s. Of these, the liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL) are ubiquitous in geotechnical engineering practice, including their usage for soil classification purposes and in deducing useful geotechnical parameters via correlations. Given it is about 120 years since first introduced, it seems timely to critically review the current state of play regarding various definitions and theory of these index parameters and their standardised testing methods, as described in majorly used codes worldwide. Because different codes allow different LL apparatus types and employ some dissimilar criteria (e.g., in establishing the end-point for the PL test), a change in method or code may produce different results for testing the same soil. These differences are rationalised in terms of the controlling parameter(s). Some potential pitfalls in consistency limits testing are highlighted. Attention then turn to strength-based approaches, mostly employing fall cone (FC) setups, emphasising their unsuitability for determining Atterberg’s PL. Considering the PL test’s general poor reproducibility, the paper concludes with an alternative way forward, obtaining useful FC index parameters that provide new possibilities for strength predictions and in the classification of fine-grained soils.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Physicochemical and Microstructural Characterization of Klias Peat, Lumadan POFA, and GGBFS for Geopolymer Based Soil Stabilization

Physicochemical and Microstructural Characterization of Klias Peat, Lumadan POFA, and GGBFS for Geopolymer Based Soil Stabilization

Comments on ‘Strength and Deformation Behavior of Fine-Grained Soils Reinforced with Hair Fibers and Its Application in Pavement Design’ by Ayothiraman et al. [Journal of Natural Fibers, DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2021.1954129]

Theory of liquid and plastic limits for fine soils, methods of determination and outlook

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