“…Based on this spectral library, the multispectral bands (1, 3, 4, and 5) and (2, 4, 5, and 6) were used for TM-ETM+ and OLI/ TIRS, respectively, to highlight the spectral response of iron oxides. The multispectral bands (1, 4, 5, and 7) and (2, 5, 6, and 7) were used for TM-ETM+ and OLI/TIRS, respectively, to enhance hydroxyl-bearing minerals (Osinowo et al, 2021;Pour et al, 2019;Traore et al, 2020). The resulting PCs images could then show targeted surface types such as rocks, waste, soils, villages/settlements by highlighting them as bright or dark pixels, depending on their respective (positive/negative) eigenvector magnitudes and signs (Boateng et al, 2018;Kujjo et al, 2018).…”